truncar

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [tɾuŋˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [tɾuŋˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

truncar (first-person singular present trunco, first-person singular preterite trunquí, past participle truncat)

1. to truncate
2. to cut short

Conjugation

    Conjugation of truncar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			truncar
gerund			truncant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		truncat		truncada
		plural		truncats		truncades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	trunco	trunques	trunca	trunquem	trunqueu	trunquen
	imperfect	truncava	truncaves	truncava	truncàvem	truncàveu	truncaven
	future	truncaré	truncaràs	truncarà	truncarem	truncareu	truncaran
	preterite	trunquí	truncares	truncà	truncàrem	truncàreu	truncaren
	conditional	truncaria	truncaries	truncaria	truncaríem	truncaríeu	truncarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	trunqui	trunquis	trunqui	trunquem	trunqueu	trunquin
	imperfect	trunqués	trunquessis	trunqués	trunquéssim	trunquéssiu	trunquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	trunca	trunqui	trunquem	trunqueu	trunquin
	negative (no)	—	no trunquis	no trunqui	no trunquem	no trunqueu	no trunquin

Further reading

• “truncar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “truncar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “truncar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “truncar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɾuŋˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾuŋˈkɑɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: trun‧car

Verb

truncar (first-person singular present trunco, first-person singular preterite trunquei, past participle truncado)

1. to truncate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of truncar (c-qu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	truncar
Personal	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncaren
Gerund
	truncando
Past participle
Masculine	truncado			truncados
Feminine	truncada			truncadas
Indicative
Present	trunco	truncas	trunca	truncamos	truncades	truncan
Imperfect	truncaba	truncabas	truncaba	truncabamos	truncabades	truncaban
Preterite	trunquei	truncaches	truncou	truncamos	truncastes	truncaron
Pluperfect	truncara	truncaras	truncara	truncaramos	truncarades	truncaran
Future	truncarei	truncarás	truncará	truncaremos	truncaredes	truncarán
Conditional	truncaría	truncarías	truncaría	truncariamos	truncariades	truncarían
Subjunctive
Present	trunque	trunques	trunque	trunquemos	trunquedes	trunquen
Imperfect	truncase	truncases	truncase	truncásemos	truncásedes	truncasen
Future	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncaren
Imperative
Affirmative		trunca	trunque	trunquemos	truncade	trunquen
Negative (non)		non trunques	non trunque	non trunquemos	non trunquedes	non trunquen

    Reintegrated conjugation of truncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	truncar
Personal	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncarem
Gerund
	truncando
Past participle
Masculine	truncado			truncados
Feminine	truncada			truncadas
Indicative
Present	trunco	truncas	trunca	truncamos	truncades, truncais	truncam
Imperfect	truncava	truncavas	truncava	truncávamos	truncávades, truncáveis, truncávais1	truncavam
Preterite	trunquei	truncaste, truncache1	truncou	truncamos	truncastes	truncárom, truncaram
Pluperfect	truncara	truncaras	truncara	truncáramos	truncárades, truncáreis, truncárais1	truncaram
Future	truncarei	truncarás	truncará	truncaremos	truncaredes, truncareis	truncarám, truncarão
Conditional	truncaria	truncarias	truncaria	truncaríamos	truncaríades, truncaríeis, truncaríais1	truncariam
Subjunctive
Present	trunque	trunques	trunque	trunquemos	trunquedes, trunqueis	trunquem
Imperfect	truncasse	truncasses	truncasse	truncássemos	truncássedes, truncásseis	truncassem
Future	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncarem
Imperative
Affirmative		trunca	trunque	trunquemos	truncade, truncai	trunquem
Negative (nom)		nom trunques	nom trunque	nom trunquemos	nom trunquedes, nom trunqueis	nom trunquem

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “truncar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “truncar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka(ʁ)/ [tɾũˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka(ʁ)/ [tɾũˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka(ʁ)/ [tɾũˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾũˈka.ɾi/

Verb

truncar (first-person singular present trunco, first-person singular preterite trunquei, past participle truncado)

1. (transitive) to truncate (shorten something as if by cutting off part of it)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of truncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	truncar
Personal	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncarem
Gerund
	truncando
Past participle
Masculine	truncado			truncados
Feminine	truncada			truncadas
Indicative
Present	trunco	truncas	trunca	truncamos	truncais	truncam
Imperfect	truncava	truncavas	truncava	truncávamos	truncáveis	truncavam
Preterite	trunquei	truncaste	truncou	truncamos1, truncámos2	truncastes	truncaram
Pluperfect	truncara	truncaras	truncara	truncáramos	truncáreis	truncaram
Future	truncarei	truncarás	truncará	truncaremos	truncareis	truncarão
Conditional	truncaria	truncarias	truncaria	truncaríamos	truncaríeis	truncariam
Subjunctive
Present	trunque	trunques	trunque	trunquemos	trunqueis	trunquem
Imperfect	truncasse	truncasses	truncasse	truncássemos	truncásseis	truncassem
Future	truncar	truncares	truncar	truncarmos	truncardes	truncarem
Imperative
Affirmative		trunca	trunque	trunquemos	truncai	trunquem
Negative (não)		não trunques	não trunque	não trunquemos	não trunqueis	não trunquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• tronco

Further reading

• “truncar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin truncāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɾunˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾũŋˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: trun‧car

Verb

truncar (first-person singular present trunco, first-person singular preterite trunqué, past participle truncado)

1. to truncate, to cut off, to cut on one side

   El nuevo edificio de la Tate Gallery presenta una fachada truncada.

   The new Tate Gallery building features a truncated facade.

2. to be disappointing to one's expectacions

   Sus ilusiones se vieron truncadas.

   His hopes were shattered.

3. to interrupt and not let further develop

   Una novela sobre unos refugiados que vieron truncadas sus vidas por la guerra.

   A novel about a group of refugees whose lives were cut short by the war.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of truncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			truncar
gerund			truncando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		truncado		truncada
		plural		truncados		truncadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	trunco	truncastú truncásvos	trunca	truncamos	truncáis	truncan
	imperfect	truncaba	truncabas	truncaba	truncábamos	truncabais	truncaban
	preterite	trunqué	truncaste	truncó	truncamos	truncasteis	truncaron
	future	truncaré	truncarás	truncará	truncaremos	truncaréis	truncarán
	conditional	truncaría	truncarías	truncaría	truncaríamos	truncaríais	truncarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	trunque	trunquestú trunquésvos2	trunque	trunquemos	trunquéis	trunquen
	imperfect (ra)	truncara	truncaras	truncara	truncáramos	truncarais	truncaran
	imperfect (se)	truncase	truncases	truncase	truncásemos	truncaseis	truncasen
	future1	truncare	truncares	truncare	truncáremos	truncareis	truncaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		truncatú truncávos	trunque	trunquemos	truncad	trunquen
	negative		no trunques	no trunque	no trunquemos	no trunquéis	no trunquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of truncar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive truncar
	dative	truncarme	truncarte	truncarle, truncarse	truncarnos	truncaros	truncarles, truncarse
	accusative	truncarme	truncarte	truncarlo, truncarla, truncarse	truncarnos	truncaros	truncarlos, truncarlas, truncarse
with gerund truncando
	dative	truncándome	truncándote	truncándole, truncándose	truncándonos	truncándoos	truncándoles, truncándose
	accusative	truncándome	truncándote	truncándolo, truncándola, truncándose	truncándonos	truncándoos	truncándolos, truncándolas, truncándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative trunca
	dative	trúncame	trúncate	trúncale	trúncanos	not used	trúncales
	accusative	trúncame	trúncate	trúncalo, trúncala	trúncanos	not used	trúncalos, trúncalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative truncá
	dative	truncame	truncate	truncale	truncanos	not used	truncales
	accusative	truncame	truncate	truncalo, truncala	truncanos	not used	truncalos, truncalas
with formal second-person singular imperative trunque
	dative	trúnqueme	not used	trúnquele, trúnquese	trúnquenos	not used	trúnqueles
	accusative	trúnqueme	not used	trúnquelo, trúnquela, trúnquese	trúnquenos	not used	trúnquelos, trúnquelas
with first-person plural imperative trunquemos
	dative	not used	trunquémoste	trunquémosle	trunquémonos	trunquémoos	trunquémosles
	accusative	not used	trunquémoste	trunquémoslo, trunquémosla	trunquémonos	trunquémoos	trunquémoslos, trunquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative truncad
	dative	truncadme	not used	truncadle	truncadnos	truncaos	truncadles
	accusative	truncadme	not used	truncadlo, truncadla	truncadnos	truncaos	truncadlos, truncadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative trunquen
	dative	trúnquenme	not used	trúnquenle	trúnquennos	not used	trúnquenles, trúnquense
	accusative	trúnquenme	not used	trúnquenlo, trúnquenla	trúnquennos	not used	trúnquenlos, trúnquenlas, trúnquense

Derived terms

• truncamiento

 

Further reading

• “truncar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28