testis
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]testis (plural testes)
- (anatomy) A testicle of a vertebrate.
- (biology) An analogous gland in invertebrates such as the hydra.
Related terms
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristos, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s ("a third party standing", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural).[1][2][3][4]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛst̪is]
Noun
[edit]testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun (i-stem).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | testis | testēs |
| Genitive | testis | testium |
| Dative | testī | testibus |
| Accusative | testem | testēs testīs |
| Ablative | teste | testibus |
| Vocative | testis | testēs |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:
- From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in "bearing witness to the sex act",[5] or
- Related to testa (“pot, shell”).[6]
Noun
[edit]testis m (genitive testis); third declension
- testicle
- c. 206 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426:
- Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus.
- If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.
- Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus.
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun (i-stem).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | testis | testēs |
| Genitive | testis | testium |
| Dative | testī | testibus |
| Accusative | testem | testēs testīs |
| Ablative | teste | testibus |
| Vocative | testis | testēs |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → English: testis (learned)
- → Indonesian: testis (learned)
- → Italian: teste (learned)
- → Serbo-Croatian: (learned)
- → Turkish: testis (learned)
References
[edit]- “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- testis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- testis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- an important witness: testis gravis
- a witness worthy of all credit: testis locuples
- an impartial witness: testis incorruptus atque integer
- to cite a person to give evidence on a matter: aliquem testem alicuius rei (in aliquid) citare
- to use some one's evidence: aliquem testem adhibere
- to use some one's evidence: aliquo teste uti
- to produce as a witness: aliquem testem dare, edere, proferre
- to produce as a witness: aliquem testem producere
- to appear as witness against a person: testem prodire (in aliquem)
- to be convicted by some one's evidence: testibus teneri, convictum esse
- this shows, proves..: testis est, testatur, declarat
- an important witness: testis gravis
- “testis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “testis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- ^ J. Gvozdanović, Indo-European numerals, §12.5.3.1.
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1004
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1090
- ^ Skutsch, Franz (1897) “Zur lateinischen Grammatik. 4. Testis ‘zeuge’”, in Beiträge zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 23, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 100–104
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “testis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 618
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “testis”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]tȅstis m (Cyrillic spelling те̏стис)
Declension
[edit]Declension of testis
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]testis (definite accusative testisi, plural testisler)
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]- taşak (vulgar)
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Anatomy
- en:Organs
- en:Biology
- en:Genitalia
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin nouns with multiple genders
- la:People
- la:Law
- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
- la:Organs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Latin
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Anatomy
- Turkish terms borrowed from Latin
- Turkish terms derived from Latin
- Turkish terms with audio pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns