schenken
Appearance
See also: Schenken
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch schenken, from Old Dutch skenken, from Proto-West Germanic *skankijan, from Proto-Germanic *skankijaną.
The verb, which originally was weak, became strong in the early modern period by analogy with related class 3 strong verbs such as drinken. Cognate with English shink (“to pour”), dialectal English skink (“to pour, give as a present”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]schenken
- to give as a present, to gift
- Andreas Nicolai de Saint-Aubain, tr. A.F. Wehlburg, Tafereelen uit den tijd van Christiaan II, koning van Denemarken, Volume 1 (Amsterdam 1849), p. 82-83:
- Hij zag den reus en kocht hem van zijnen pleegvader [...] want reuzen en dwergen waren in dien tijd zeer gezocht door de voorname heren, en er was niets bijzonders in zijn doen en laten, dat de waardigheid van eenen reus konde benadelen. Aslak [de reus] vond ook spoedig eenen kooper, doch deze verveelde hij zeer spoedig, omdat hij trotsch en zwaarmoedig was, en niet in staat de taal van het land te leeren. Nu schonk zijn heer hem weg aan den Deenschen edelman, heer Hans Bilde, die juist op de terugreis naar Denemarken was.
- He saw the giant and bought him from his foster father [...] because giants and dwarfs were in that time much in demand among distinguished gentlemen, and there was nothing special in his habits, that could harm the dignity of a giant. Aslak [the giant] also soon found a buyer, but he very quickly bored him, because he was proud and melancholy, and not able to learn the language of the land. Now his lord gifted him away to the Danish nobleman, sir Hans Bilde, who was just on his way home to Denmark.
- Andreas Nicolai de Saint-Aubain, tr. A.F. Wehlburg, Tafereelen uit den tijd van Christiaan II, koning van Denemarken, Volume 1 (Amsterdam 1849), p. 82-83:
- to pour from a vessel
- Gerdina Hendrika Kurtz, Het Haarlemsche stadsrecht van 1245 (Haarlem 1945), p. 20:
- Als iemand een herberg binnengaat, om daar te drinken, dien moet de wijntapper den wijn schenken volgens zekere verschuldigde maat,
- If someone enters an inn, in order to drink there, the wine-server must pour him the wine in accordance to a certain obligatory measure ...
- Gerdina Hendrika Kurtz, Het Haarlemsche stadsrecht van 1245 (Haarlem 1945), p. 20:
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of schenken (strong class 3b) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | schenken | |||
past singular | schonk | |||
past participle | geschonken | |||
infinitive | schenken | |||
gerund | schenken n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | schenk | schonk | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | schenkt, schenk2 | schonk | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | schenkt | schonk | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | schenkt | schonkt | ||
3rd person singular | schenkt | schonk | ||
plural | schenken | schonken | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | schenke | schonke | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | schenken | schonken | ||
imperative sing. | schenk | |||
imperative plur.1 | schenkt | |||
participles | schenkend | geschonken | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German schenken, from Old High German scenken, from Proto-West Germanic *skankijan (“to pour, serve”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈʃɛŋkən/, [ˈʃɛŋ.kŋ̍], [-kən]
Audio: (file) Audio: (file) Audio (Austria): (file) - Hyphenation: schen‧ken
Verb
[edit]schenken (weak, third-person singular present schenkt, past tense schenkte, past participle geschenkt, auxiliary haben)
- to give as a present, to gift
- to spare one(self) (something)
- Synonym: ersparen
- Joseph hätte sich die beschwerliche weite Reise gern geschenkt, doch er wagte es nicht, ungehorsam zu sein.
- Joseph would have gladly spared himself the long, onerous journey, but he didn't dare to be disobedient.
- (transitive, formal) to pour from a vessel, to serve [with accusative ‘something’ (usually required nowadays) and in (+ accusative) ‘in(to) something’]
- Synonyms: schütten, gießen, einschütten, eingießen, einschenken, ausschenken
- Sie schenkte den Wein in zwei Gläser.
- She poured the wine in two glasses.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | schenken | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | schenkend | ||||
past participle | geschenkt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich schenke | wir schenken | i | ich schenke | wir schenken |
du schenkst | ihr schenkt | du schenkest | ihr schenket | ||
er schenkt | sie schenken | er schenke | sie schenken | ||
preterite | ich schenkte | wir schenkten | ii | ich schenkte1 | wir schenkten1 |
du schenktest | ihr schenktet | du schenktest1 | ihr schenktet1 | ||
er schenkte | sie schenkten | er schenkte1 | sie schenkten1 | ||
imperative | schenk (du) schenke (du) |
schenkt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
- In contemporary German only the regularised forms are used. In older texts one still finds the original forms with Rückumlaut (schankte, geschankt). More rarely there were also secondary strong forms (schank, geschunken).
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Ladin: scinché
Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛŋkən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛŋkən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch terms with quotations
- Dutch class 3b strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
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