leikata
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *lëik'at'ak, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details). Cognates include Estonian lõikama (“to cut”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]leikata
- (transitive) to cut (to divide with a sharp instrument)
- (transitive) to knife (to use a knife to cut, or cut through as if with a knife)
- (transitive) to cut (to form or shape by cutting)
- (transitive) to cut, incise (to cut in or into with a sharp instrument)
- Synonym: viiltää
- (figurative, transitive) to cut (to reduce, especially intentionally)
- Synonym: vähentää
- (transitive) to mow (to cut something down, especially grass or crops)
- (transitive) to trim (to reduce slightly, especially, to remove excess)
- Synonym: trimmata
- (transitive, medicine) to operate (perform some manual act upon a human body in a methodical manner)
- Synonym: operoida
- (transitive, colloquial) to sterilize an animal, especially a pet; to fix, spay, neuter
- (transitive, film) to edit (assemble a film by cutting and splicing raw footage)
- (transitive, computing) to cut (to remove and place in memory for later use)
- (transitive) to intersect (cut into or between; to cut or cross mutually; to divide into parts)
- Synonym: ristetä
- (transitive, ice hockey) to clip (perform an illegal check or tackle)
- (colloquial, impersonal + adessive) to get it
- (transitive, colloquial) to adulterate a substance, especially an illicit drug; to cut
- (intransitive, nautical) to broach (of a boat, to be turned sideways to oncoming waves, especially large or breaking waves)
- Synonyms: kääntyä poikittain, broutsata
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of leikata (Kotus type 73*A/salata, kk-k gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | leikkaan | en leikkaa | 1st sing. | olen leikannut | en ole leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | leikkaat | et leikkaa | 2nd sing. | olet leikannut | et ole leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | leikkaa | ei leikkaa | 3rd sing. | on leikannut | ei ole leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | leikkaamme | emme leikkaa | 1st plur. | olemme leikanneet | emme ole leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | leikkaatte | ette leikkaa | 2nd plur. | olette leikanneet | ette ole leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | leikkaavat | eivät leikkaa | 3rd plur. | ovat leikanneet | eivät ole leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | leikataan | ei leikata | passive | on leikattu | ei ole leikattu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | leikkasin | en leikannut | 1st sing. | olin leikannut | en ollut leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | leikkasit | et leikannut | 2nd sing. | olit leikannut | et ollut leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | leikkasi | ei leikannut | 3rd sing. | oli leikannut | ei ollut leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | leikkasimme | emme leikanneet | 1st plur. | olimme leikanneet | emme olleet leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | leikkasitte | ette leikanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte leikanneet | ette olleet leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | leikkasivat | eivät leikanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat leikanneet | eivät olleet leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | leikattiin | ei leikattu | passive | oli leikattu | ei ollut leikattu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | leikkaisin | en leikkaisi | 1st sing. | olisin leikannut | en olisi leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | leikkaisit | et leikkaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit leikannut | et olisi leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | leikkaisi | ei leikkaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi leikannut | ei olisi leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | leikkaisimme | emme leikkaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme leikanneet | emme olisi leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | leikkaisitte | ette leikkaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte leikanneet | ette olisi leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | leikkaisivat | eivät leikkaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat leikanneet | eivät olisi leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | leikattaisiin | ei leikattaisi | passive | olisi leikattu | ei olisi leikattu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | leikkaa | älä leikkaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | leikatkoon | älköön leikatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon leikannut | älköön olko leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | leikatkaamme | älkäämme leikatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | leikatkaa | älkää leikatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | leikatkoot | älkööt leikatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot leikanneet | älkööt olko leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | leikattakoon | älköön leikattako | passive | olkoon leikattu | älköön olko leikattu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | leikannen | en leikanne | 1st sing. | lienen leikannut | en liene leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | leikannet | et leikanne | 2nd sing. | lienet leikannut | et liene leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | leikannee | ei leikanne | 3rd sing. | lienee leikannut | ei liene leikannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | leikannemme | emme leikanne | 1st plur. | lienemme leikanneet | emme liene leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | leikannette | ette leikanne | 2nd plur. | lienette leikanneet | ette liene leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | leikannevat | eivät leikanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät leikanneet | eivät liene leikanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | leikattaneen | ei leikattane | passive | lienee leikattu | ei liene leikattu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | leikata | present | leikkaava | leikattava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | leikannut | leikattu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | leikatessa | leikattaessa | agent4 | leikkaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | leikkaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | leikaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | leikkaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | leikkaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | leikkaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | leikkaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | leikkaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | leikkaaman | leikattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | leikkaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “leikata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *lëik'at'ak. Cognates include Finnish leikata and Estonian lõigata.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlei̯kɑtɑ/, [ˈlʲe̞i̯kət]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlei̯kɑtɑ/, [ˈle̞i̯ɡ̊ɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ei̯kɑt, -ei̯kɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: lei‧ka‧ta
Verb
[edit]leikata
- (transitive) to cut
- 2008, Сойкинский Край[2], number 7, page 9:
- Hää leikkais raanan suuremmaks, laski verda.
- He cut the wound larger, released the blood.
- (transitive) to chop
- (transitive) to kill
- (transitive) to fell (trees)
- (transitive) to cut out
- 1937, N. S. Popova, translated by A. Kolesova, Arifmetikan oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (I. osa), Leningrad: Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 9:
- Leikkaa kalendarist mokomain çifra.
- Cut out such a digit out of the calendar.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of leikata (type 16/maata, kk-k gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | leikkaan | en leikkaa | 1st singular | oon leikant, oon leikannut | en oo leikant, en oo leikannut |
2nd singular | leikkaat | et leikkaa | 2nd singular | oot leikant, oot leikannut | et oo leikant, et oo leikannut |
3rd singular | leikkajaa | ei leikkaa | 3rd singular | ono leikant, ono leikannut | ei oo leikant, ei oo leikannut |
1st plural | leikkaamma | emmä leikkaa | 1st plural | oomma leikanneet | emmä oo leikanneet |
2nd plural | leikkaatta | että leikkaa | 2nd plural | ootta leikanneet | että oo leikanneet |
3rd plural | leikkajaat1), leikkaavat2), leikataa | evät leikkaa, ei leikata | 3rd plural | ovat leikanneet | evät oo leikanneet, ei oo leikattu |
impersonal | leikataa | ei leikata | impersonal | ono leikattu | ei oo leikattu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | leikkaisin | en leikant, en leikannut | 1st singular | olin leikant, olin leikannut | en olt leikant, en olt leikannut |
2nd singular | leikkaisit, leikkaist1) | et leikant, et leikannut | 2nd singular | olit leikant, olit leikannut | et olt leikant, et olt leikannut |
3rd singular | leikkais | ei leikant, ei leikannut | 3rd singular | oli leikant, oli leikannut | ei olt leikant, ei olt leikannut |
1st plural | leikkaisimma | emmä leikanneet | 1st plural | olimma leikanneet | emmä olleet leikanneet |
2nd plural | leikkaisitta | että leikanneet | 2nd plural | olitta leikanneet | että olleet leikanneet |
3rd plural | leikkaisiit1), leikkaisivat2), leikattii | evät leikanneet, ei leikattu | 3rd plural | olivat leikanneet | evät olleet leikanneet, ei olt leikattu |
impersonal | leikattii | ei leikattu | impersonal | oli leikattu | ei olt leikattu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | leikkajaisin | en leikkajais | 1st singular | olisin leikant, olisin leikannut | en olis leikant, en olis leikannut |
2nd singular | leikkajaisit, leikkajaist1) | et leikkajais | 2nd singular | olisit leikant, olisit leikannut | et olis leikant, et olis leikannut |
3rd singular | leikkajais | ei leikkajais | 3rd singular | olis leikant, olis leikannut | ei olis leikant, ei olis leikannut |
1st plural | leikkajaisimma | emmä leikkajais | 1st plural | olisimma leikanneet | emmä olis leikanneet |
2nd plural | leikkajaisitta | että leikkajais | 2nd plural | olisitta leikanneet | että olis leikanneet |
3rd plural | leikkajaisiit1), leikkajaisivat2), leikattais | evät leikkajais, ei leikattais | 3rd plural | olisivat leikanneet | evät olis leikanneet, ei olis leikattu |
impersonal | leikattais | ei leikattais | impersonal | olis leikattu | ei olis leikattu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | leikkaa | elä leikkaa | 2nd singular | oo leikant, oo leikannut | elä oo leikant, elä oo leikannut |
3rd singular | leikatkoo | elköö leikatko | 3rd singular | olkoo leikant, olkoo leikannut | elköö olko leikant, elköö olko leikannut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | leikatkaa | elkää leikatko | 2nd plural | olkaa leikanneet | elkää olko leikanneet |
3rd plural | leikatkoot | elkööt leikatko, elköö leikattako | 3rd plural | olkoot leikanneet | elkööt olko leikanneet, elköö olko leikattu |
impersonal | leikattakkoo | elköö leikattako | impersonal | olkoo leikattu | elköö olko leikattu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | leikannen | en leikanne | |||
2nd singular | leikannet | et leikanne | |||
3rd singular | leikannoo | ei leikanne | |||
1st plural | leikannemma | emmä leikanne | |||
2nd plural | leikannetta | että leikanne | |||
3rd plural | leikannoot | evät leikanne, ei leikattane | |||
impersonal | leikattannoo | ei leikattane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | leikata | present | leikkaava | leikattava | |
2nd | inessive | leikatees | past | leikant, leikannut | leikattu |
instructive | leikaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (leikatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | leikkaamaa | |||
inessive | leikkaamaas | ||||
elative | leikkaamast | ||||
abessive | leikkaamata | ||||
4th | nominative | leikkaamiin | |||
partitive | leikkaamista, leikkaamist |
Synonyms
[edit]- (to cut): leikkoa
- (to chop): pilkkoa, (dialectal) hakata
- (to kill): tappaa, mukistaa, surmata, veruttaa
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “лейкама”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 683
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 259
Karelian
[edit]Verb
[edit]leikata
Livvi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *lëik'at'ak. Cognates include Finnish leikata and Estonian lõigata.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]leikata
- (transitive) to cut
- (transitive) to cut (hair)
- (transitive) to cut out
- (transitive) to cut through
- (transitive, medicine) to operate (on)
References
[edit]- N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect][3] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 3
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 141
Veps
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *lëik'at'ak.
Verb
[edit]leikata
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/eikɑtɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/eikɑtɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- fi:Medicine
- Finnish colloquialisms
- fi:Film
- fi:Computing
- fi:Ice hockey
- Finnish impersonal verbs
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish intransitive verbs
- fi:Nautical
- Finnish salata-type verbs
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kɑt
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kɑt/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kɑtɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kɑtɑ/3 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian verbs
- Ingrian transitive verbs
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian verbs
- Livvi terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livvi terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livvi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Livvi/ei̯kɑtɑ
- Rhymes:Livvi/ei̯kɑtɑ/3 syllables
- Livvi lemmas
- Livvi verbs
- Livvi transitive verbs
- olo:Medicine
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps verbs