-ल

See also: ल, ली, ले, ला, लौ, लः, and ল

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from English -yl, of Ancient Greek origin.

Suffix

-ल • (-l)

1. (chemistry) -yl

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• -ᬮ (Balinese script)
• -လ (Burmese script)
• -ल (Devanagari script)
• -ਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• -𑌲 (Grantha script)
• -ꦭ (Javanese script)
• -𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• -ល (Khmer script)
• -ລ (Lao script)
• -ല (Malayalam script)
• -ᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• -𑘩 (Modi script)
• -ᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• -𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• -𑐮 (Newa script)
• -ଲ (Odia script)
• -ꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• -𑆬 (Sharada script)
• -𑖩 (Siddham script)
• -ල (Sinhalese script)
• -𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• -𑚥 (Takri script)
• -ல (Tamil script)
• -ล (Thai script)
• -་ལ (Tibetan script)
• -𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-lós. Compare -र (-ra).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /lɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /l̪ɐ/

Suffix

-ल • (-la)

1. an adjectival or nominal suffix: relating to, belonging to, having, similar to, etc.

   ‎कपि (kapi, “monkey”) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎कपिल (kapila, “brown, tawny”)

   ‎पत्त्र (pattra, “leaf”) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎पत्त्रल (pattrala, “leafy”)

   ‎कफ (kapha, “phlegm”) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎कफल (kaphala, “phlegmatic”)

   ‎अंस (aṃsa, “shoulder”) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎अंसल (aṃsala, “strong”, literally “having shoulders”)

3. a pleonastic suffix or extension

   ‎मृदु (mṛdu) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎मृदुल (mṛdula)

   ‎युग (yuga) + ‎-ल (-la) → ‎युगल (yugala)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of -ल (-la)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-लः -laḥ	-लौ / -ला¹ -lau / -lā¹	-लाः / -लासः¹ -lāḥ / -lāsaḥ¹
Vocative	-ल -la	-लौ / -ला¹ -lau / -lā¹	-लाः / -लासः¹ -lāḥ / -lāsaḥ¹
Accusative	-लम् -lam	-लौ / -ला¹ -lau / -lā¹	-लान् -lān
Instrumental	-लेन -lena	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लैः / -लेभिः¹ -laiḥ / -lebhiḥ¹
Dative	-लाय -lāya	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लेभ्यः -lebhyaḥ
Ablative	-लात् -lāt	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लेभ्यः -lebhyaḥ
Genitive	-लस्य -lasya	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लानाम् -lānām
Locative	-ले -le	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लेषु -leṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of -ला (-lā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ला -lā	-ले -le	-लाः -lāḥ
Vocative	-ले -le	-ले -le	-लाः -lāḥ
Accusative	-लाम् -lām	-ले -le	-लाः -lāḥ
Instrumental	-लया / -ला¹ -layā / -lā¹	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लाभिः -lābhiḥ
Dative	-लायै -lāyai	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लाभ्यः -lābhyaḥ
Ablative	-लायाः / -लायै² -lāyāḥ / -lāyai²	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लाभ्यः -lābhyaḥ
Genitive	-लायाः / -लायै² -lāyāḥ / -lāyai²	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लानाम् -lānām
Locative	-लायाम् -lāyām	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लासु -lāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of -ल (-la)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-लम् -lam	-ले -le	-लानि / -ला¹ -lāni / -lā¹
Vocative	-ल -la	-ले -le	-लानि / -ला¹ -lāni / -lā¹
Accusative	-लम् -lam	-ले -le	-लानि / -ला¹ -lāni / -lā¹
Instrumental	-लेन -lena	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लैः / -लेभिः¹ -laiḥ / -lebhiḥ¹
Dative	-लाय -lāya	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लेभ्यः -lebhyaḥ
Ablative	-लात् -lāt	-लाभ्याम् -lābhyām	-लेभ्यः -lebhyaḥ
Genitive	-लस्य -lasya	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लानाम् -lānām
Locative	-ले -le	-लयोः -layoḥ	-लेषु -leṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms suffixed with -ल

Sanskrit terms suffixed with -ल (pleonastic)

Descendants

• Middle Indo-Aryan: -𑀮- (-la-)
  • Bengali: -ল- (-lo-)
  • Gujarati: -ળ- (-ḷ-)
  • Hindustani: -la-

    Hindi: -ल- (-la-)

    Urdu: -ل- (-l-)

  • Marathi: -ळ- (-ḷa-)
• Middle Indo-Aryan: -𑀮𑁆𑀮- (-lla-)
  • Bengali: -ল- (-lo-)
  • Gujarati: -લ- (-la-)
  • Hindustani: -la-

    Hindi: -ल- (-la-)

    Urdu: -ل- (-l-)

  • Marathi: -ल- (-la-)