靜

See also: 静

靜	U+975C, 靜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-975C

← 靛
[U+975B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

靝 →
[U+975D]

Translingual

Traditional	靜
Simplified	静
Japanese	静
Korean	靜

Han character

靜 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手月月尸木 (QBBSD), four-corner 5225₇, composition ⿰青爭(T) or ⿰靑爭(JK))

Derived characters

𫣺, 瀞, 𬎛, 𧂮, 𭟝, 𥶹, 𨷧

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42578
Dae Jaweon: page 1893, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 4049, character 1
Unihan data for U+975C

Chinese

trad.		靜/静
simp.		静
2nd round simp.		𰁓

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	sʰleːns, ʔsreːŋ
倩	sʰleːns, sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	sʰleːŋ, sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	sreŋ, sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	sreŋ, sreŋs
猩	sreŋ, seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	ʔsleŋ, ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
蜻	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	ʔsleŋ, zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	ʔsleŋ, sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	sʰleŋʔ, zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	zleŋs, zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	seŋʔ, seːŋs
惺	seŋʔ, seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	ʔljeŋ, sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	sʰleːŋ, sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	seːŋ, seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	seːŋ, seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zleŋʔ) : semantic 青 + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).

Etymology

Perhaps from Mon-Khmer; compare Old Khmer siṅ (“to stay in/at; to abide; to be still”) (Schuessler, 2007). 靖 (OC *zleŋʔ) is the same word (ibid.).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jìng (jing⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zing⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhin
Jin (Wiktionary): jing²
Eastern Min (BUC): sâng / cêng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sa⁵ / saⁿ⁵ / zing⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chěng / chēng / chǐⁿ / chīⁿ / chēⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): zên⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zhin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
  - Wade–Giles: ching⁴
  - Yale: jìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
  - Palladius: цзин (czin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zing⁶
  - Yale: jihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzing⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: jing⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhin
  - Hakka Romanization System: qin
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qin⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jing²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sâng / cêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑŋ²⁴²/, /t͡sɛiŋ²⁴²/

Note:

sâng - vernacular (“to stop making noise; to stop crying”);
cêng - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sa⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬa²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: saⁿ⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬã²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ²¹/

Note:

sa5/saⁿ5 - vernacular;
zing5 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chěng
  - Tâi-lô: tsǐng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēng
  - Tâi-lô: tsīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǐⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsǐnn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsīnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cvi
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sĩ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsēnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zve
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sẽ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ̃²²/

Note:

chěng/chēng - literary;
chǐⁿ/chīⁿ/chēⁿ - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zên⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsĕⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sẽ³⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zhin
  - MiniDict: zhin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑin²³/

Middle Chinese: dzjengX

Rime
Character	靜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	疾郢切
Baxter	dzjengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziᴇŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziɛŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ziæŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziajŋ^X/
Li Rong	/d͡ziɛŋ^X/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭɛŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*zleŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	靜
Reading #	1/1
No.	11353
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	靜
Old Chinese	/*zleŋʔ/

Definitions

靜

quiet; silent; devoid of noise
silent; not making a noise
still; motionless
心靜自然涼／心静自然凉 ― xīn jìng zìrán liáng ― inner calm naturally [helps one] cool down (a phrase used during periods of hot weather)
gentle

Compounds

References

“靜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	静
Kyūjitai	靜

Kanji

靜

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 静)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: じょう (jō)
Kan-on: せい (sei)
Kun: しず (shizu, 靜)^{←しづ (sidu, 靜, historical)}、しずか (shizuka, 靜か)、しずむ (shizumu, 靜む)、しずめる (shizumeru, 靜める)、しずまる (shizumaru, 靜まる)
Nanori: しずむ (shizumu)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [정(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

靜

Wikisource

靜 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

hanja form^? of 정 (“quiet, silence, static”)
정전기(靜電氣) ― static electricity

정(靜)하중 ― jeonghajung ― dead weight

Vietnamese

Han character

靜: Hán Nôm readings: tĩnh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.