定

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
定 U+5B9A, 定
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B9A
← 宙
[U+5B99] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宛 →
[U+5B9B]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
8 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

[edit]

定 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十一卜人 (JMYO), four-corner 30801, composition ⿱宀𤴓)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 283, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7109
  • Dae Jaweon: page 559, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 918, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5B9A

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 定

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 定
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (正) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
綻 *rdeːns
淀 *deːns
靛 *deːns
症 *tjɯŋs
竀 *rtʰeːŋ, *tʰeŋ
征 *tjeŋ
怔 *tjeŋ
正 *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs
鉦 *tjeŋ
鴊 *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs
眐 *tjeŋ
佂 *tjeŋ
整 *tjeŋʔ
政 *tjeŋs
証 *tjeŋs
定 *teːŋs, *deːŋs
顁 *teːŋs
錠 *teːŋs, *deːŋʔ, *deːŋs
掟 *deːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) : semantic 宀 + phonetic 正 (OC *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs)

Etymology

[edit]

Possibly related to Burmese တည် (tany, “to lie in repose; to build, form, establish”) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
Note: deng6 - variant.
Note:
  • diâng - vernacular;
  • dêng - literary.
Note:
  • tiāⁿ - vernacular;
  • tēng - literary.
Note:
  • dian7 - vernacular;
  • dêng6 - literary.
Rime
Character 定
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 徒徑切
Baxter dengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/deŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/deŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjŋH/
Li
Rong 		/deŋH/
Wang
Li 		/dieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ding6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 定 定
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dìng dìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dengH › ‹ dengH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-tˁeŋ-s/ /*m-tˁeŋ-s/
English become fixed; settled (v.i.) make fixed, settle (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 定
Reading # 2/2
No. 17187
Phonetic
component 		正
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		定
Old
Chinese 		/*deːŋs/
Notes 小徐正聲

Definitions

[edit]

定

  1. stable; steady; fixed
    我公公揸筆揸得好定。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我公公揸笔揸得好定。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 gung1 gung1 zaa1 bat1 zaa1 dak1 hou2 ding6. [Jyutping]
    My grandpa holds the pen really steadily
    之前已經講定 [Cantonese, trad.]
    之前已经讲定 [Cantonese, simp.]
    zi1 cin4 ji5 ging1 gong2 ding6 [Jyutping]
    already discussed and settled upon for some time
  2. to fix; to stabilise
  3. to put down; to suppress
  4. to establish; to prepare the ground for
  5. to decide; to resolve
  6. to determine; to settle
  7. to order; to reserve
    定貨／定货  ―  dìng huò  ―  to order goods
    定位  ―  dìng wèi  ―  to reserve a place
  8. certainly; definitely; surely
  9. † after all; at all
  10. (Cantonese) calm
  11. (Cantonese) in advance
    想唔暈船浪，就食定暈浪丸。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    想唔晕船浪，就食定晕浪丸。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    soeng2 m4 wan4 syun4 long6, zau6 sik6 ding6 wan4 long6 jyun4-2. [Jyutping]
    If you don't want to get seasick, then take a motion sickness pill in advance.
    我阿媽日日都五點就開定檯等我哋返屋企食飯。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我阿妈日日都五点就开定台等我哋返屋企食饭。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 aa3 maa1 jat6 jat6 dou1 ng5 dim2 zau6 hoi1 ding6 toi4-2 dang2 ngo5 dei6 faan1 uk1 kei2 sik6 faan6. [Jyutping]
    My mother sets the table in advance at five o'clock, waiting for us to come home for dinner.
  12. (Cantonese) Short for 定係／定系 (“or”).
    你想食飯定麵啊？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    你想食饭定面啊？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    nei5 soeng2 sik6 faan6 ding6 min6 aa3? [Jyutping]
    Do you want to have rice or noodles?
  13. a surname
  14. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 定 (MC dengH)
Synonyms
[edit]
  • (to decide; to determine): 決／决 (jué)
  • (or):
Dialectal synonyms of 還是 (“or”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 抑, 或
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 抑或, 還是
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 還是
Singapore 還是
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 還是
Cantonese Guangzhou 定係, 定
Hong Kong 定係, 定, 抑或, 抑或係, 定抑或, 定抑或係, 還是, 定還是, 定還是係
Taishan 毋, 毋又, 抑或
Singapore (Guangfu) 定, 定係
Gan Nanchang 還是
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 還係, 也係
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 還係, 也係
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 還係, 也係
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 還係, 也係
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 還係, 也係
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 抑係
Huizhou Jixi 還是
Eastern Min Fuzhou 故是
Southern Min Xiamen 抑是, 抑
Quanzhou 抑是, 抑
Zhangzhou 抑是, 抑
Taipei 抑是
Penang (Hokkien) 抑是
Singapore (Hokkien) 抑是
Manila (Hokkien) 抑是
Chaozhou 抑是
Singapore (Teochew) 抑是
Wu Shanghai 還是
Xiang Loudi 還是

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Thai: เที่ยง (tîiang)

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
Rime
Character 定
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 丁定切
Baxter tengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/teŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/teŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tɛjŋH/
Li
Rong 		/teŋH/
Wang
Li 		/tieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ding3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 定
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tengH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁeŋ-s/
English ready-cooked (food)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 定
Reading # 1/2
No. 17181
Phonetic
component 		正
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		矴
Old
Chinese 		/*teːŋs/
Notes 見詩

Definitions

[edit]

定

  1. (～星) (Chinese astronomy) the Encampment, one of Twenty-Eight Mansions
  2. † forehead
    See also: 顁／𬱫
  3. † Original form of 錠／锭 (dìng, “Classifier for silver ingots or ink sticks.”).
  4. ‡ A kind of hoe.
Synonyms
[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Pronunciation 3

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

定

  1. (Cantonese) Sentence final particle used to make assumptions.
Derived terms
[edit]

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
定

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. determine, fix, establish, decide

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Proper noun

[edit]
Kanji in this term
定
さだ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

定(さだ) • (Sada) 

  1. a female given name

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

定 (eumhun 정할 정 (jeonghal jeong))

  1. hanja form? of 정 (“decide, settle”)
  2. hanja form? of 정 (“fix”)

Compounds

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

定: Hán Nôm readings: định

Verb

[edit]

定 • (định)

  1. chữ Hán form of định (“to decide; to determine; to ascertain”).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=定&oldid=82416774"