催

催 U+50AC, 催 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50AC ← 傫 [U+50AB] CJK Unified Ideographs 傭 → [U+50AD]

Translingual

Han character

催 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人山人土 (OUOG), four-corner 2221₄, composition ⿰亻崔)

Derived characters

• 𡀰, 𨮑, 𪝱

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 114, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1005
• Dae Jaweon: page 242, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 211, character 7
• Unihan data for U+50AC

Chinese

simp. and trad.		催

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 催
Small seal script s05875
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (崔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嗺	*ʔslo, *ʔsluːl, *sluːl, *ʔslul, *ʔslulʔ
催	*sʰluːl
璀	*sʰluːlʔ
皠	*sʰluːlʔ
漼	*sʰluːlʔ
鏙	*sʰluːlʔ
摧	*zluːl
崔	*zluːl, *sʰluːl
慛	*zluːl
槯	*zluːl
繀	*sluːls
膗	*zruːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰluːl) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 崔 (OC *zluːl, *sʰluːl).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cuī (cui¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceoi¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cui¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cui¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshoe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cuī
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cuei
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻui¹
    • Yale: tswēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuei
    • Palladius: цуй (cuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ceoi¹
    • Yale: chēui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûi
    • Hakka Romanization System: cui^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu̯i²⁴/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhui
    • Tâi-lô: tshui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhuy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshoe
    • MiniDict: tshoe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰø⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshwoj

Rime
Character	催
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉回切
Baxter	tshwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰwəj/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuᴀi/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cuī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceoi1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tʰˤuj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰluːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	催
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cuī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tʰˁuj/
English	urge, repress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	催
Reading #	1/1
No.	1877
Phonetic component	崔
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	崔
Old Chinese	/*sʰluːl/

Definitions

催

1. to urge; to push someone to do something

   點解我成日要催你㗎？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   点解我成日要催你㗎？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   dim² gaai² ngo⁵ seng⁴ jat⁶ jiu³ ceoi¹ nei⁵ gaa³? [Jyutping]

   Why do I always have to urge you?

   又係阿媽打電話嚟催我返屋企。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   又系阿妈打电话嚟催我返屋企。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   jau⁶ hai⁶ aa³ maa¹ daa² din⁶ waa^6-2 lai⁴ ceoi¹ ngo⁵ faan¹ uk¹ kei². [Jyutping]

   Mum was on the phone again, trying to get me to come home.

2. to speed up; to accelerate

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 催 (“to urge (someone to do something)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		催
Cantonese	Guangzhou	催
	Hong Kong	催
Southern Min	Shantou (Chaoyang)	勸
Wu	Shanghai	催

Compounds

• 三催四請／三催四请 (sāncuīsìqǐng)
• 催併／催并
• 催促 (cuīcù)
• 催化 (cuīhuà)
• 催化劑／催化剂 (cuīhuàjì)
• 催吐劑／催吐剂 (cuītùjì)
• 催告
• 催告書／催告书
• 催命 (cuīmìng)
• 催命符 (cuīmìng fú)
• 催命鬼
• 催奶 (cuīnǎi)
• 催批
• 催明鳥／催明鸟
• 催淚彈／催泪弹 (cuīlèidàn)
• 催淚瓦斯／催泪瓦斯 (cuīlèi wǎsī)
• 催熟 (cuīshú)
• 催生 (cuīshēng)
• 催產／催产 (cuīchǎn)
• 催眠 (cuīmián)
• 催眠劑／催眠剂 (cuīmiánjì)
• 催眠曲 (cuīmiánqǔ)
• 催眠術／催眠术 (cuīmiánshù)
• 催督 (cuīdū)
• 催科 (cuīkē)
• 催租
• 催芽
• 催花雨
• 催討／催讨 (cuītǎo)
• 催請／催请
• 催趲／催趱
• 催辦／催办 (cuībàn)
• 催迫
• 催逼 (cuībī)
• 催青
• 催魂
• 公示催告
• 督催
• 碎催
• 羯鼓催花
• 臘鼓頻催／腊鼓频催
• 頻催／频催
• 風催電／风催电

 

Japanese

Kanji

催

(Jōyō kanji)

1. encourage; urge; persuade
2. hold (a meeting), throw (a party), etc.

Readings

• Go-on: せ (se)
• Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
• Kun: もよおす (moyōsu, 催す, Jōyō)、うながす (unagasu, 催す)

Compounds

• 催(さい)告(こく) (saikoku)
• 催(さい)促(そく) (saisoku)
• 催(さい)眠(みん)術(じゅつ) (saiminjutsu)
• 催(さい)涙(るい) (sairui)
• 催(さい)涙(るい)弾(だん) (sairuidan)

Korean

Hanja

催 (eum 최 (choe))

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Vietnamese

Han character

催: Hán Nôm readings: thôi, thòi, thui

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.