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Motueka

Coordinates: 41°07′24″S 173°00′53″E / 41.12333°S 173.01472°E / -41.12333; 173.01472
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the island off the coast of the Coromandel Peninsula, see Motueka Island (Pigeon Island).

Motueka
Town
An aerial view of Motueka looking east
An aerial view of Motueka looking east
Nickname: 
"Mot"
Map
Coordinates: 41°07′24″S 173°00′53″E / 41.12333°S 173.01472°E / -41.12333; 173.01472
CountryNew Zealand
Territorial authorityTasman
WardMotueka Ward
CommunityMotueka Community[1]
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityTasman District Council
 • Mayor of TasmanTim King
 • West Coast-Tasman MPMaureen Pugh
 • Te Tai Tonga MPTākuta Ferris
Area
[2]
 • Total
12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi)
Population
 (June 2024)[3]
 • Total
8,300
 • Density650/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+13 (NZDT)
Postal codes
7120, 7196, 7197, 7198
Area code03
Websitewww.lovemotueka.com

Motueka is a town in the South Island of New Zealand, close to the mouth of the Motueka River on the western shore of Tasman Bay. It is the second largest in the Tasman Region, with a population of 8,300 as of June 2024.[3]

The surrounding district has a number of apple, pear, and kiwifruit orchards, as well as growing a variety of specialised crops such as hops. The area formerly served as the main centre of tobacco growing in New Zealand until the early 1980s.[4] A number of small vineyards have also been developed.

Nearby beaches (such as Kaiteriteri and Mārahau) are very popular with holidaymakers, and the area around Motueka has one of the country's highest annual sunshine-hour indices.[5] Riwaka lies 4.8 km north of Motueka via State Highway 60 and Nelson is 41.7 km to the east of Motueka via State Highway 60 and State Highway 6.

Motueka, as one of the nearest towns to the Abel Tasman and Kahurangi National Parks, has become the base of many tourism ventures, as well as in Nelson Lakes National Park, and in other recreational areas. Extensive limestone cave systems (including Harwoods Hole in the Tākaka Hill area north of Motueka) attract cavers and rock climbers. Sea kayaking, tramping, and canyoning now attract many thousands of visitors each year.

Many artists live in the area around Motueka, especially potters and reggae musicians. The Riverside Community, in nearby Lower Moutere, is a pacifist intentional community. Founded in the 1940s, it is New Zealand's oldest cooperative living community.[6]

Name

[edit]

The name Motueka, or more correctly Motuweka, comes from the Māori language, and means weka island, the weka being a bird of the rail family. The town is colloquially called "Mot" by some residents.[citation needed]

History

[edit]
The Motueka District Museum

The first known European visitor to the coast near Motueka in 1827 was French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville, of the French corvette Astrolabe. He explored and described much of the Tasman Bay shore line. Three ships carrying the New Zealand Company's Nelson expedition, led by Captain Arthur Wakefield, anchored at Astrolabe Roads, north of Kaiteriteri Beach—about 16 kilometres (10 mi) due north of Motueka—in October 1841. Kaiteriteri was selected as a site for the first settlement but was later abandoned in favour of Nelson Haven.

The exceptional fertility of the soil and the suitability of the surrounding land for small farm settlement were the main reasons for the establishment of the second town of the Nelson settlement at Motueka in 1842. There was trade between Nelson and Motueka in vegetables and timber in the 1840s. In 1850, Motueka had "a church, various tradespeople, a general store, a doctor, a clergyman, a magistrate and a constable". Motueka was described as "the village was laid out in small sections in the middle of a splendid bush, and had some good open land all around on which the farms were situated” in the 1850s.[7] A significant flood hit Motueka in 1877 with the majority of buildings in the High Street being flooded.[7]

During the period, 1853 to 1876, Motueka was administrated as part of the Nelson Province.

Motueka was created as a borough in 1900 with the first meeting of the Motueka Borough Council being held on 17 January 1900.[8] The population at that time was 900 people with 182 ratepayers and 183 dwellings.[9] The post office building was opened in 1902 by Sir Joseph Ward.[9]

Motueka war memorial, Motueka

The Motueka war memorial was unveiled in 1922. It commemorates the 32 soldiers who died in WWI from the Motueka district. A plaque on the war memorial was unveiled in 1957 to commemorate the 35 soldiers who died in WWII from the Motueka district.[10]

Demographics

[edit]

The population of Motueka in 1951 was 2464 people which increased to 2824 people in 1956 and 3310 people in 1961.[11]

Motueka covers 12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi)[2] and had an estimated population of 8,300 as of June 2024,[3] with a population density of 655 people per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20066,624—    
20137,110+1.02%
20188,007+2.40%
Source: [12]

Before the 2023 census, the town had a larger boundary, covering 13.66 km2 (5.27 sq mi).[2] Using that boundary, Motueka had a population of 8,007 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 897 people (12.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 1,383 people (20.9%) since the 2006 census. There were 2,976 households, comprising 3,885 males and 4,128 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.94 males per female, with 1,323 people (16.5%) aged under 15 years, 1,314 (16.4%) aged 15 to 29, 3,189 (39.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 2,181 (27.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 85.8% European/Pākehā, 14.6% Māori, 2.5% Pasifika, 5.7% Asian, and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 18.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 53.8% had no religion, 33.3% were Christian, 0.9% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.5% were Hindu, 0.1% were Muslim, 1.7% were Buddhist and 2.1% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 786 (11.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,659 (24.8%) people had no formal qualifications. 489 people (7.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 2,835 (42.4%) people were employed full-time, 1,008 (15.1%) were part-time, and 174 (2.6%) were unemployed.[12]

Motueka looking toward the south-west and the airport
Individual statistical areas in 2018
Name Area
(km2)		 Population Density
(per km2)		 Households Median age Median
income
Motueka North 2.56 2,478 968 987 46.3 years $24,600[13]
Motueka West 7.87 2,523 321 783 39.7 years $25,600[14]
Motueka East 3.24 3,006 928 1,206 53.3 years $24,300[15]
New Zealand 37.4 years $31,800

Geography and climate

[edit]

Motueka is situated on the small Motueka Plain near the Motueka River which enters Tasman Bay about 4 km north of the town. To the west of the valley the land rises steeply to the Arthur and Pikiruna Ranges, and to the south the flat is broken by the gently rolling Moutere Hills.

The source of the Pearse River near Motueka is the deepest known cold-water cave in the world.[16]

Motueka has an oceanic climate (Cfb) with cool, wet winters and mild, drier summers.

Climate data for Motueka (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1956–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 34.0
(93.2) 		36.2
(97.2) 		31.4
(88.5) 		27.3
(81.1) 		25.1
(77.2) 		21.8
(71.2) 		19.9
(67.8) 		21.9
(71.4) 		24.1
(75.4) 		27.2
(81.0) 		29.8
(85.6) 		31.9
(89.4) 		36.2
(97.2)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 28.9
(84.0) 		28.6
(83.5) 		26.9
(80.4) 		23.2
(73.8) 		21.4
(70.5) 		18.1
(64.6) 		16.8
(62.2) 		18.8
(65.8) 		21.1
(70.0) 		23.4
(74.1) 		25.7
(78.3) 		27.4
(81.3) 		29.8
(85.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23.7
(74.7) 		23.7
(74.7) 		22.0
(71.6) 		18.8
(65.8) 		16.3
(61.3) 		13.5
(56.3) 		13.0
(55.4) 		14.2
(57.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		18.2
(64.8) 		20.0
(68.0) 		22.1
(71.8) 		18.5
(65.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.9
(64.2) 		17.8
(64.0) 		16.0
(60.8) 		13.0
(55.4) 		10.4
(50.7) 		7.8
(46.0) 		7.1
(44.8) 		8.5
(47.3) 		10.4
(50.7) 		12.5
(54.5) 		14.2
(57.6) 		16.6
(61.9) 		12.7
(54.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 12.1
(53.8) 		12.0
(53.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.2
(45.0) 		4.5
(40.1) 		2.1
(35.8) 		1.2
(34.2) 		2.7
(36.9) 		4.8
(40.6) 		6.7
(44.1) 		8.3
(46.9) 		11.0
(51.8) 		6.9
(44.4)
Mean minimum °C (°F) 6.5
(43.7) 		6.7
(44.1) 		4.9
(40.8) 		1.6
(34.9) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		−2.9
(26.8) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−2.3
(27.9) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		1.3
(34.3) 		2.7
(36.9) 		5.3
(41.5) 		−3.8
(25.2)
Record low °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0) 		2.0
(35.6) 		0.9
(33.6) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−4.9
(23.2) 		−6.2
(20.8) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		0.4
(32.7) 		1.9
(35.4) 		−6.2
(20.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 82.5
(3.25) 		80.8
(3.18) 		79.4
(3.13) 		111.3
(4.38) 		121.5
(4.78) 		143.8
(5.66) 		119.5
(4.70) 		128.1
(5.04) 		111.1
(4.37) 		110.7
(4.36) 		82.1
(3.23) 		99.0
(3.90) 		1,269.8
(49.98)
Source: NIWA[17][18]

Churches and religion

[edit]

St Thomas's Anglican church

[edit]
St Thomas's Anglican church (2023)

St Thomas's Anglican church, located at 101 High street, was listed as a category two historic place in 1982. It was built in 1911.[19]

Former Catholic church

[edit]
The former Motueka Catholic church (2023)

The former Catholic church, located at 31 High street, was listed as a category two historic place in 1982. St Peters Chanel church was consecrated in 1917 and was built out of marble from Tākaka. In 1985, the church was replaced by a larger church for the congregation.[20][21]

St Andrew's church

[edit]
St Andrew's Church, Motueka (2023)

St Andrew's church, located at 64 High street, was listed as a category two historic place in 1982.[22]

Plymouth Brethren

[edit]

Motueka once served as a centre for the Plymouth Brethren:[23] their New Zealand patriarch James George Deck (1807–1884)[24] died in Motueka and lies buried in Motueka cemetery.[25]

Amenities

[edit]

Motueka district museum

[edit]

The Motueka district museum is located in the former Motueka district high school buildings (built 1913) at 140 High Street. The museum includes exhibitions on local history.[26]

Library

[edit]

The Motueka library is located at 32 Wallace Street.[27] It was rebuilt in 2022 and cost just over $4.92 million. It is over twice the size of the previous library on Pah St.[28]

Saltwater pool

[edit]

Motueka is home to a saltwater pool which is located on the Motueka foreshore. It was originally built after a sighting of a shark in the 1920s. Originally a wire cage, in 1938, it was rebuilt as a pool and then upgraded in 1950 and 1992.[29][30]

Golf course

[edit]

The Motueka golf club was awarded the Holden New Zealand golf club of the year in 2018. It is located on Harbour Road in Motueka.[31][32]

Motueka recreation centre

[edit]

The Motueka recreation centre includes a stadium, climbing wall, a fitness lounge, a theatre facility, games room, a skating rink and netball courts. It is operated by Sport Tasman and is located at 40 Old Wharf Road.[33] The climbing wall was refurbished in 2016.[34]

Economy

[edit]
Talley's Seafood Division at Port Motueka

Horticulture is the main industry in the area surrounding Motueka, and the town benefits directly from this. Some of the main crops are apples, beer hops and kiwifruit. Sheep and cattle farming also contribute to the local economy.[35]

Due to the seasonal growth of many crops, the town's population increases greatly with seasonal workers, especially during late summer and early autumn for the apple 'pick'.

At the height of tobacco production, Motueka was home to two tobacco factories. One owned by Australian company WD & HO Wills Holdings and the other by Rothmans International. The tobacco industry has ceased to exist in the area in the early 1980s, when the New Zealand government removed the requirement for some New Zealand grown tobacco to be included in locally produced cigarettes.[4]

Major employers in Motueka include:

  • Genia (formally MLC Group), operates a timber processing facility that specialises in cut-to-length componentry, small end section and specialised timber mouldings.
  • Nelson Aviation College trains pilots for the aviation industry.[36][37]
  • Prolam has manufacturing facilities in Lower Moutere and Riwaka (previously Prime Pine) that produce glulam beams, i beams, LVL timber, posts, wood flooring, timber retaining walls and mid floors.
  • Talley's Group was established in 1936 by Ivan Peter Talijancich. One of the town's largest employers, the company's Port Motueka site incorporates the Group Head Office, the Seafood Division and the Dairy Division. The Vegetable Division began operations in 1978 at Motueka, but has since been relocated to Blenheim and Ashburton.[38] Seafood processing contributed $46.5 million (10.9%) to the local economy in 2021.[39]
  • CJ Industries is a construction and landscaping company.

New Zealand Energy Limited is a Motueka-based company that operates small hydroelectric power stations in Haast, Fox, Ōpunake and Raetihi.

Motueka Fire Station

Government

[edit]

Local

[edit]

From 1853 to 1876, Motueka was administered as part of the Nelson Province.

The Motueka Borough Council was formed in 1900 and existed until 1989, when local government reforms saw it merged into the Tasman District Council. Today the Motueka Ward is represented by three councillors and includes the nearby settlements of Kaiteriteri, Mārahau, Ngātīmoti and Riwaka.[40]

List of mayors

[edit]

The Motueka Borough Council was headed by a mayor from 1900 until 1989. The following is an incomplete list of officeholders:

Name Term of office Notes
1 Richmond Hursthouse 1900–1902 [41]
2 John Stuart Wratt 1902–1904 [42][43]
3 Robert William Hammond Rankin 1904 [44]
4 Frederick William Thorp 1904–1911 [45][46]
5 Charles Edward Lowe 1911–1912 [47]
(2) John Stuart Wratt 1912 [48]
6 Michael Simpson 1912–1914 [49]
7 Percy George Moffatt 1914–1915 [50]
(5) Charles Edward Lowe 1915–1916 [51]
(6) Michael Simpson 1916 [52]
8 James Alfred Wallace 1916–1921 [53]
9 James Archie McGlashen 1921–1925 [54]
10 Daniel Willis Talbot 1925–1927 [55]
(8) James Alfred Wallace 1927–1929 [56]
11 Sidney Palmer Clay 1929–1931 [57][58]
12 Rupert James Leslie York 1931–1940 [59]
13 Samuel Ewart Hulbert 1940–1941 [60][61]
14 Walter James Eginton 1941–1959 [62]
15 Herbert Henry Thomason 1959–1968 [63]
16 Lawrence John Krammer 1968–1974 [64][65]
17 David Kennedy 1974–1983 [66][67]
Claude Teece −1989 [68][69]

National

[edit]

The electorate of Motueka and Massacre Bay was created for the 1853 New Zealand general election and was succeeded by the electorate of Motueka in the 1860–1861 general election which lasted until 1890. In 1896 the Motueka electorate was recreated, and lasted until 1946. Today Motueka is part of the West Coast-Tasman electorate.

Education

[edit]

Motueka High School is a co-educational state secondary school for Year 9 to 13 students,[70][71] with a roll of 717 as of August 2024.[72]

There are two co-educational state primary schools in the township for Year 1 to 8 students: Parklands School,[73][74] with a roll of 210,[75] and Motueka South School,[76][77] with a roll of 204.[78]

There are two private primary schools in the township for Year 1 to 8 students: Motueka Steiner School,[79][80] with a roll of 99,[81] and St Peter Chanel School,[82][83] with a roll of 62.[84]

There are also five other primary schools in the area surrounding Motueka.[85]

Media

[edit]

Newspaper

[edit]

There are two local newspapers in Motueka: The Guardian Motueka, out every Wednesday and The Tasman Leader, out every Thursday. The "Motueka Star" was established in August 1901, and was a six-page newspaper, published twice weekly.[9]

Radio

[edit]

The area has a local radio station, Fresh FM, which also broadcasts to Blenheim, Nelson, Tākaka and Tasman.

Transport

[edit]
State Highway 60 runs through the centre of Motueka.

Road

[edit]

Motueka is served by State Highway 60 which runs 114.5 kilometres (71.1 mi) from Collingwood in Golden Bay / Mohua to State Highway 6 near Richmond.

The former State Highway 61, now known as the Motueka Valley Highway, connects State Highway 60 at Motueka to State Highway 6 at Kohatu Junction near Tapawera.

Port

[edit]

Port Motueka, 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Motueka, on a tidal lagoon of some 1,000 hectares (2,500 acres), provides sheltered berthage for coastal vessels and is the Gateway to the Abel Tasman National Park.[citation needed]

Airport

[edit]

The Motueka Aerodrome is 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of the town centre and serves as a base for the Motueka Aero Club and the Nelson Aviation College. In 1984, Motueka Air started scheduled passenger flights from Motueka to Wellington, New Zealand using a Piper Aztec aircraft. Within a couple of years the Motueka Air network had grown to include Nelson, Wellington and Palmerston North using additional Piper Chieftains. In 1988, Motueka Air was renamed Air Nelson and relocated to Nelson Airport.[86]

Culture and arts

[edit]

Marae

[edit]

Te Āwhina Marae is located in Motueka. It is a marae (meeting ground) for Ngāti Rārua, and Te Atiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui, and includes the Turangāpeke wharenui (meeting house).[87][88]

Festivals

[edit]

Motueka hosts the Kaiteriteri Carnival and Motueka Festival of Lights.

Sport

[edit]

Mountain biking

[edit]

Motueka sits on the Tasman's Great Taste Trail which is a mountain bike trail connecting the towns of Nelson, Wakefield, Richmond, Motueka and Kaiteriteri.[89]

Teams

[edit]

Sister cities

[edit]

Motueka is twinned with:

Notable people

[edit]
Main category: People from Motueka

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Motueka community board". www.tasman.govt.nz. Tasman District Council. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  2. ^ a b c "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b c "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Motueka | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  5. ^ "Total sunshine hours across selected New Zealand locations". Figure.NZ. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  6. ^ "Riverside Community | Cooperative Living for Peace and Sustainability". Riverside.org.nz. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  7. ^ a b "Motueka and early European settlement". www.theprow.org.nz. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  8. ^ "Motueka Borough Council 1900". Tasman Heritage. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  9. ^ a b c "Motueka | NZETC". nzetc.victoria.ac.nz. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  10. ^ "Motueka war memorial". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  11. ^ Davis, Brian Newton; Dollimore, Edward Stewart (1966). "Motueka". In McLintock, A. H. (ed.). An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga.
  12. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Motueka North (301100), Motueka West (301200) and Motueka East (301300).
  13. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Motueka North
  14. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Motueka West
  15. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Motueka East
  16. ^ Steward, Ian (10 May 2011). "Motueka cave 'world's deepest' of its kind". The Nelson Mail. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
  17. ^ "CliFlo – National Climate Database : Motueka, Riwaka Ews". NIWA. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  18. ^ "CliFlo -The National Climate Database (Agent numbers: 4162, 12429)". NIWA. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  19. ^ "St Thomas's Church (Anglican) | Heritage New Zealand". www.heritage.org.nz. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  20. ^ "The Chanel". MMG. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  21. ^ "Catholic Church (Former) | Heritage New Zealand". www.heritage.org.nz. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  22. ^ "St Andrew's Church (Presbyterian/Methodist United) | Heritage New Zealand". www.heritage.org.nz. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  23. ^ Lineham, Peter J. "The Significance of J.G. Deck 1807–1884" (PDF). Christian Brethren Research Fellowship Journal 107 (1986). p. 13. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  24. ^ Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Brethren patriarch". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  25. ^ Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Deck, James George". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  26. ^ "Motueka District Museum on NZ Museums". eHive. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  27. ^ "Motueka Public Library". Tasman District Libraries. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  28. ^ Sivignon, Cherie (14 July 2022). "New Motueka Library project squeaks in below budget". Stuff. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  29. ^ "Motueka Saltwater Baths". Heart of Biking. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  30. ^ "Motueka Saltwater Baths Attractions & Activities in Motueka New Zealand". Nelson Regional Development Agency. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  31. ^ "Motueka Golf Club | NZ Golf Club of the Year | the friendliest golf club in the top of the south". motuekagolf.co.nz. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  32. ^ Jones, Katy (14 March 2018). ""Hidden gem" named best golf club in New Zealand". Stuff. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  33. ^ "Motueka recreation centre". www.tasman.govt.nz. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  34. ^ Murdoch, Helen (21 June 2016). "Climbing wall rebuilt at Motueka Recreation Centre". Stuff. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  35. ^ McLintock, Alexander Hare; Brian Newton Davis, M. A.; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "MOTUEKA". An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  36. ^ "Nelson Aviation College, New Zealand". studyspy.ac.nz. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  37. ^ "Nelson Aviation College". Study with New Zealand. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  38. ^ "Our Heritage". Talleys. Archived from the original on 2 June 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  39. ^ Infometrics (2021). "2021 Annual Economic Profile: Motueka". ecoprofile.infometrics.co.nz. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  40. ^ "Motueka Ward » Tasman District Council". Tasman.govt.nz. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  41. ^ "Borough of Motueka". Nelson Evening Mail. Vol. 34, no. 7. 9 January 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  42. ^ "Mayoral election". Motueka Star. Vol. 2, no. 75. 2 May 1902. p. 3. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  43. ^ "Summary notes". The Colonist. Vol. 46, no. 11009. 25 April 1904. p. 2. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  44. ^ "Death of Mr. R. W. H. Rankin". The Colonist. Vol. 47, no. 11172. 1 November 1904. p. 2. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  45. ^ "Motueka". New Zealand Mail. No. 1707. 16 November 1904. p. 30. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  46. ^ "Obituary: Mr. F. W. Thorp, Motueka". The Colonist. Vol. 53, no. 13216. 20 September 1911. p. 5 (supplement). Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  47. ^ "News of the day". The Colonist. Vol. 53, no. 13199. 31 August 1911. p. 2. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  48. ^ "Richmond and Motueka". The Press. Vol. 68, no. 14338. 25 April 1912. p. 7. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  49. ^ "Local and general". Nelson Evening Mail. Vol. 47. 23 December 1912. p. 4. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  50. ^ "Municipal elections". Otago Daily Times. No. 16061. 30 April 1914. p. 4. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  51. ^ "Local elections". Nelson Evening Mail. Vol. 48. 20 April 1915. p. 4. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  52. ^ "Mr. M. Simpson elected mayor". The Colonist. Vol. 57, no. 14174. 12 May 1916. p. 6. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  53. ^ "Mr Jas. A. Wallace elected mayor". The Colonist. Vol. 57, no. 14219. 18 October 1916. p. 9 (supplement). Retrieved 11 March 2022.
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