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Kanhaiya Kumar

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Kanhaiya Kumar
AICC Incharge of the National Students' Union of India
Incumbent
Assumed office
6 July 2023
PresidentNeeraj Kundan
Personal details
BornJanuary 1987 (1987-01) (age 37)
Political partyIndian National Congress (2021–present)
Other political
affiliations		Communist Party of India (2016–2021)
EducationCollege of Commerce, Arts and Science, Patna (BA)
Nalanda Open University (MA)
Jawaharlal Nehru University (PhD)[1]

Kanhaiya Kumar (born January 1987) is an Indian political activist who served as the president of the Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union and leader of the All India Students Federation (AISF). He served as National Executive Council member of Communist Party of India.[2] He joined Indian National Congress on 28 September 2021 and has been appointed as the AICC in-charge of the National Student's Union of India.[3]

Early life and education

Kanhaiya Kumar at a Times of India (media) event (2016)

Kanhaiya Kumar was born in January 1987,[4] and brought up in the village of Bihat (near Barauni) in Begusarai district, Bihar.[5][6][7] The village is part of the Teghra constituency, known to be a stronghold of the CPI.[8] Kumar's father is Jaishankar Singh who is paralysed. His mother, Meena Devi is an Anganwadi worker. He has an elder brother, Manikant, who works as a supervisor with a company in Assam.[9] His family members have traditionally been supporters of the CPI.[10]

Kanhaiya Kumar studied till Class VI at Madhya Vidyalaya, Masnadpur, before joining R. K. C. High School in Barauni. During his school days, Kumar took part in several plays and activities organized by IPTA (Indian People's Theatre Association), a left-leaning cultural group going back to the days of India's freedom struggle. He cleared his Class X board exams in 2002 with a first division. After school, Kumar joined the Ram Ratan Singh College at Mokama, taking up science in Class XI-XII.[4] He then graduated with a degree in geography from the College of Commerce, Arts and Science, Patna in 2007, earning a "first-class".[11]

Political career

While at the College of Commerce, Arts and Science, Patna, Kumar began getting involved in student politics.[12] He joined the AISF, and a year later was selected as a delegate at its conference in Patna. After completing his post graduation with an MA in sociology from Nalanda Open University in Patna, again securing a first class, he moved to Delhi and after ranking first in the entrance exam in 2011,[13] joined Jawaharlal Nehru University where he pursued a PhD in African studies at the School of International Studies.[14] He completed his PhD in February 2019, titled The Process of Decolonisation and Social Transformation in South Africa, 1994–2015.[15][16]

In September 2015, Kumar became president of the JNU Students' Union, representing the AISF.[17]

In March 2016, Kumar stated in an interview, "the first inspiration who made me want to join politics was Bhagat Singh. Then the path continued into Ambedkar, Gandhi and Marx, and also to Birsa Munda and Jyotirao Phule...."[18]

Kumar's autobiography, Bihar to Tihar: My Political Journey was published in October 2016. The book describes his life from his childhood days to his political involvement in Delhi.[19]

On 29 April 2018, he was elected to the party national council of the Communist Party of India (CPI).[20] Later in 2019, he was inducted into CPI national executive council.[21]

2019 Lok Sabha elections

Kumar contested from Begusarai on Communist Party of India's ticket for the 2019 Indian general election.[22] He lost the election, polling a total of 269,976 votes and 22.03% of vote share.[23] He secured a distant second position after losing to Giriraj Singh of Bharatiya Janata Party by 422,217 votes. About his defeat, he told Aaj Tak in an interview, "I didn't have anything directly to lose in these elections. I got support from the people for fighting against a big, rich and influential machinery and this is a message from democracy that a son of an Anganwadi worker can contest elections."[24]

Electoral record

Elections Constituency Party Result Vote share Opposing Candidate(s) Opposing Party (s) Vote share
2019 Indian general election Begusarai CPI Lost 22.02% Giriraj Singh BJP 57.01%
Tanweer Hassan RJD 16.17%
2024 Indian general election North East Delhi INC Lost 44.16% Manoj Tiwari BJP 53.1%

Reception

Kanhaiya Kumar became widely known due to a speech with slogans for Azadi in Jawaharlal Nehru University which was raised henceworth by him and other students at multiple student protests against the policies of the government and sometimes in modified forms in JNU and education related issues; it was used especially during protests between 2019 and 2020.[25][26]

In the slogan he demands Azadi from starvation, cronyism, casteism, communalism and sanghwads referring to the Sangh Parivar, and demands the Azadi of Bhagat Singh, Ambedkar, Phule and Birsa Munda, ending with Inquilab Zindabad.[25][27] The slogans in the later renditions also attach the names of various political activists, journalists and academics who are imprisoned on sedition and other changes for long durations, sometimes for years without a trial.[28]

The Bharatiya Janata Party and its linked students union the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad have tried to frame the slogans as anti-national and seditious.[25] Videos of the sloganeering were also spread through various news broadcasts like that of Zee News and Arnab Goswami at Times Now and later Republic TV which brought national attention to it and lifted Kanhaiya Kumar into mainstream limelight but the content was altered. The news broadcasts depicted sloganeering of "Bharat tere tukde tukde honge" and caused widespread outrage. The term "tukde tukde gang" was coined from here and used extensively by BJP since then.[28][29]

Forensic experts on later analysing the videos said that they were doctored with a different voice-over overlaid on an original video.[27][30] The videos were never admitted as evidence in court.[28]

Police action and acquittal

In February 2016, Kanhaiya Kumar was arrested by the Delhi Police over the charges of sedition in an event at the JNU campus. It was organised by JNU students to commemorate the second anniversary of the hanging of Parliament attack convict Afzal Guru. Kumar denied shouting any slogans against integrity of the country.[31][32] Kumar's arrest drew sharp reactions from opposition parties, teachers, students and academics. Students at JNU went on strike to protest his arrest.[33]

Kumar was assaulted on multiple occasions when brought to the Patiala House court for hearings regarding the matter.[34][35] A Supreme Court-appointed panel later confirmed that the policemen present at the Court were responsible for the security lapses.[36]

On 2 March 2016, Kumar was granted interim bail for 6 months by the Delhi High Court, conditional on an undertaking that he would not "participate in any anti-national activity."[37] Justice Pratibha Rani noted that there were no recordings of Kumar participating in anti-national slogans.[38][39] A separate magisterial investigation appointed by the Delhi Government concluded that it did not find any evidence of Kumar participating in anti-national slogans.[40]

Following his release from jail, Kumar faced death threats. A leader of the BJP's youth wing offered ₹5 lakh as a reward to anyone who cut off Kumar's tongue.[41] Posters were put up in New Delhi offering ₹11 lakh as a reward to anyone who killed Kumar.[42][43] The court later acquitted him of any charge because it was found that he wasn't present in the campus at the time the police tried to establish that the alleged slogans were said to have been made by him.[25]

Speech on campus

On 3 March 2016, Kanhaiya Kumar gave a speech to a packed auditorium in the JNU campus, during which he said he was seeking, not freedom from India, but freedom within India. He appealed to his fellow students to free the nation from the clutches of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, which, he stated, was trying to divide the nation. Referring to the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad, he called them his "opposition", not his enemy. He urged his supporters to keep raising the slogans of Azadi (freedom).[44][45][46] The speech won accolades from the leaders of non-BJP parties as well as independent commentators.[47][48][49][50] Shashi Tharoor commented that it turned Kumar into a "nationwide political star," and congratulated BJP for creating this phenomenon.[51] Some people also expressed concern that his speech did not address "the graveness of alleged anti-national slogans" shouted at JNU and what he did to stop them.[52]


Publications

Books
  • Bihar To Tihar: My Political Journey[53]
Papers
  • The Process of De-colonisation and Social Transformation[54] in South Africa, 1994-2015

See also

References

  1. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar's PhD done, he wants to be a professor". The Times of India. 15 February 2019.
  2. ^ Bureau, NH Political (22 July 2019). "Kanhaiya Kumar elevated to CPI's top decision-making body". National Herald. Retrieved 27 November 2020. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  3. ^ "कन्हैया कुमार के कांग्रेस में शामिल होने पर हार्दिक पटेल क्या बोले?, सुनिए". 28 September 2021.
  4. ^ a b "Cricket brat and school debater". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  5. ^ "With No Assurance of Caste Votes, Can Kanhaiya Kumar Keep BJP at Bay in 'Leningrad of the East'?". 4 September 2018.
  6. ^ Chenoy, Kamal Mitra (5 March 2016). "How Kanhaiya Kumar went from 'anti-national' to freedom icon". Daily O.
  7. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar's Family Objects To Mayawati's Remarks Against Him". Retrieved 16 April 2016.
  8. ^ Anuja (16 February 2016). "JNU row: Who is Kanhaiya Kumar?". livemint.com. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  9. ^ "JNU sedition case: Meet the family of the student who is a 'danger to Mother India'". The Indian Express. 14 February 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  10. ^ "JNU row: How Kanhaiya Kumar became president of JNU Students' Union". Daily News and Analysis. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  11. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar PHD: Latest News, Videos and Photos of Kanhaiya Kumar PHD". The Times of India.
  12. ^ Roshan Kumar (19 February 2016). "His college remembers a fiery speaker". The Telegraph. Kolkota. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
  13. ^ Sebastian, Kritika Sharma (10 March 2016). "My mother is my biggest inspiration: Kanhaiya". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
  14. ^ "JNU row: How Kanhaiya Kumar became President of JNU's students union". dna. 15 February 2016. Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  15. ^ Ibrar, Mohammad (15 February 2019). "Kanhaiya Kumar's PhD done, he wants to be a professor". The Times of India. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  16. ^ Kumar, Kanhaiya (18 June 2018). "THE PROCESS OF DECOLONISATION AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA".
  17. ^ Nandi, Kathakali (14 September 2015). "Left, Right, Left". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  18. ^ "Interview: Kanhaiya Kumar on the 'Natural Alliance' of Ambedkarites and Leftists - The Wire". The Wire.
  19. ^ Singh, Vandana (21 November 2016). "Angst Of An Azaadi Seeker". Outlook. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  20. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar joins CPI's national council, Sudhakara Reddy unanimously re-elected as party's general secretary". Firstpost. 29 April 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  21. ^ Joy, Shemin (21 July 2019). "Raja new CPI Gen Sec, Kanhaiah in National Executive". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  22. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar to contest from Begusarai, to face BJP's Giriraj Singh - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  23. ^ "General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India". results.eci.gov.in. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019.
  24. ^ "कन्हैया कुमार ने की आजतक से बात". India Today Social on YouTube. Retrieved 25 May 2019 – via YouTube.
  25. ^ a b c d "Once "azadi" got students arrested—now all Indians are raising the slogan".
  26. ^ "English Translation: Full Text of Kanhaiya Kumar's Electrifying Speech at JNU".
  27. ^ a b "Forensic experts say Kanhaiya video was doctored". India Today. 19 February 2016.
  28. ^ a b c Chavda, Hetal (2016). "Autonomy Is As Autonomy Does- Law of Sedition in India". Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2 (5).
  29. ^ Sudhir Chaudhury boasts Zee created ‘tukde tukde gang’, Nidhi Razdan grills Pavan Verma, The Print, 22 January 2020.
  30. ^ "JNU row: Did a fake video fuel the anti-national fire?". India Today. 18 February 2016.
  31. ^ Iyengar, Rishi (15 February 2016). "The Arrest of a Student Leader at a Top University Reignites India's Intolerance Debate". Time.
  32. ^ "Exclusive: JNUSU chief Kanhaiya Kumar's interrogation report accessed". Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  33. ^ Burke, Jason (15 February 2016). "Protests to continue at Indian university after student leader's arrest". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  34. ^ "Sedition case against JNUSU president: Lawyers, BJP MLA take law in their fists". The Indian Express. 16 February 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  35. ^ "Lawyers attack arrested JNUSU president Kanhaiya Kumar in Patiala House court complex". The Times of India. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  36. ^ "JNU sedition case: Video is out; Kanhaiya Kumar assaulted, breaks down, police duck for cover". The Indian Express. 28 February 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  37. ^ Mathur, Aneesha (2 March 2016). "JNU row: Kanhaiya Kumar gets 6-month interim bail by Delhi HC". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  38. ^ "JNU row: Kanhaiya Kumar gets bail and a lesson on thoughts that 'infect… (like) gangrene'". The Indian Express. 3 March 2016.
  39. ^ "Delhi HC gives Kanhaiya Kumar bail quoting Bollywood song and calling slogans an 'infection'". Scroll.in. 2 March 2016.
  40. ^ "JNUSU president Kanhaiya Kumar gets clean chit in AAP government appointed probe". The Economic Times. 3 March 2016.
  41. ^ "Bounties, death threats: BJP mounts full-scale attack on JNU's Kanhaiya". Hindustan Times. 6 March 2016.
  42. ^ "Shoot Kanhaiya Kumar, get a reward of Rs 11 lakh: Posters in Delhi". Hindustan Times. 5 March 2016.
  43. ^ "Arrested for Posters Offering 11 Lakhs for Killing Kanhaiya Kumar". NDTV.com.
  44. ^ Sebastian, Kritika Sharma (3 March 2016). "We want freedom in India, not freedom from India". The Hindu.
  45. ^ "Full Speech: Kanhaiya Kumar, Out On Bail, Speaks Of 'Azadi' On JNU Campus". NDTV.com.
  46. ^ Team, DNA Web (4 March 2016). "'Azaadi, azaadi': Kanhaiya Kumar gives fiery speech mocking Modi govt, Sangh Parivar at JNU campus". DNA India.
  47. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar wins praise from non-BJP leaders for 'Azadi' speech". Deccan Chronicle. 4 March 2016.
  48. ^ "Kanhaiya Kumar's comeback speech at JNU evokes massive praise". 9 March 2016.
  49. ^ "Kanhaiya's fiery comeback speech is a massive hit". Rediff.
  50. ^ Varadarajan, Tunku (6 March 2016). "Reverse swing: The beauty of sedition". The Indian Express.
  51. ^ "Opinion: Congratulations, BJP, On Creating The Kanhaiya Kumar Phenomenon". NDTV.com.
  52. ^ "Steel city says yes to azadi & no to hype". The Telegraph. Kolkota.
  53. ^ "From Bihar to Tihar: Read an excerpt from Kanhaiya Kumar's story, where he recounts entry to JNU". Firstpost. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  54. ^ Mohammad Ibrar (15 February 2019). "Kanhaiya Kumar's PhD done, he wants to be a professor | Delhi News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 September 2020.

Further reading

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