1816–17 United States House of Representatives elections
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 184 seats in the United States House of Representatives 93 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The 1816–17 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between April 30, 1816 and August 14, 1817. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 15th United States Congress convened on December 1, 1817. The size of the House increased to 184 after Indiana and Mississippi achieved statehood.
The Democratic-Republican Party entered the election with a large majority, yet made sizable gains, helping trigger the virtually nonpartisan Era of Good Feelings under new President James Monroe, elected in 1816.
Two major events combined to help eliminate the declining Federalist Party from meaningful contention. First, the War of 1812 had concluded in 1815 with a feeling of national pride and relief, with the small American military fighting the much more powerful British forces to a draw punctuated by General Andrew Jackson's dramatic victory at the Battle of New Orleans. Federalists had opposed the risky but ultimately successful war, with some New England Federalists advocating radical measures at the Hartford Convention. Second, the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in present-day Indonesia, itself the most powerful in recorded history and following other major eruptions, temporarily disrupted global climate. The effects severely damaged the agricultural economy of New England, where Federalist support was strongest, causing privation, popular discontent, and mass emigration westward.
Election summaries
[edit]Mississippi was admitted as a state in 1817 during the 15th Congress, adding one seat.[1]
| 144 | 40 |
| Democratic-Republican | Federalist |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Democratic- Republican |
Federalist | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| New York | Districts | April 30 – May 2, 1816 | 27 | 22 |  1
|
5 |  1
|
| Louisiana | At-large | July 1–3, 1816 | 1 | 1 | 
|
0 |
|
| Kentucky | Districts | August 5, 1816 | 10 | 10 |
|
0 |
|
| New Hampshire | At-large | August 26, 1816 | 6 | 6 | 6
|
0 | 6
|
| Rhode Island | At-large | August 27, 1816 | 2 | 0 |
|
2 |
|
| Vermont | At-large | September 3, 1816 | 6 | 6 | 6
|
0 | 6
|
| Connecticut | At-large | September 16, 1816 | 7 | 0 |
|
7 |
|
| Maryland | Districts | October 6, 1816 | 9 | 5 | 1
|
4 | 1
|
| Delaware | At-large | October 7, 1816 | 2 | 1 | 1
|
1 | 1
|
| Georgia | At-large | 6 | 6 |
|
0 |
| |
| Ohio | Districts | October 8, 1816 | 6 | 5 | 1
|
1 | 1
|
| Pennsylvania | Districts | 23 | 19 | 1
|
4 | 1
| |
| South Carolina | Districts | October 14–15, 1816 | 9 | 9 | 1
|
0 | 1
|
| Massachusetts | Districts | November 4, 1816[c] | 20 | 9 | 7
|
11 | 7
|
| New Jersey | At-large | November 4–5, 1816 | 6 | 6 |
|
0 |
|
| Late elections (after the March 4, 1817 beginning of the term) | |||||||
| Virginia | Districts | April 1817 | 23 | 20 | 1
|
3 | 1
|
| Indiana | At-large | August 4, 1817 | 1 | 1 |
|
0 |
|
| Mississippi | At-large | August 4–5, 1817 | 1 | 1 | 1
|
0 |
|
| Tennessee | Districts | August 7–8, 1817 | 6 | 6 |
|
0 |
|
| North Carolina | Districts | August 14, 1817 | 13 | 11 |
|
2 |
|
| Total | 184 | 144[b] 78.3% |
25
|
40[b] 21.7% |
24
| ||
Special elections
[edit]There were special elections in 1816 and 1817 to the 14th United States Congress and 15th United States Congress.
Special elections are sorted by date then district.
14th Congress
[edit]| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| North Carolina 6 | Nathaniel Macon | Democratic- Republican |
1791 | Incumbent resigned December 15, 1815 when elected U.S. Senator. New member elected January 22, 1816 and seated February 7, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was later re-elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Maryland 5 (Seat A) |
Nicholas R. Moore | Democratic- Republican |
1803 1810 (lost) 1812 |
Incumbent resigned in 1815. New member elected January 27, 1816 and seated February 4, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was later re-elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| New York 21 | Peter B. Porter | Democratic- Republican |
1808 1812 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent resigned January 23, 1816 New member elected April 30 – May 2, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| North Carolina 5 | William R. King | Democratic- Republican |
1810 | Incumbent resigned, effective November 4, 1816. New member elected before August 16, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner lost re-election to the next term; see below. |
|
| North Carolina 8 | Richard Stanford | Democratic- Republican |
1796 | Incumbent died April 16, 1816. New member elected before August 22, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner lost re-election to the next term; see below. |
|
| New York 20 | Enos T. Throop | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent resigned June 4, 1816 after losing re-election. New member elected August 27–29, 1816 and seated December 3, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Maryland 5 (Seat B) |
William Pinkney | Democratic- Republican |
1790 1791 (Resigned) 1814 |
Incumbent resigned April 18, 1816 to become Minister to Russia. New member elected September 3, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was later re-elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Alexander C. Hanson | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent resigned after being elected to the Senate. New member elected October 6, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Federalist hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Ohio 1 | John McLean | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent resigned in April 1816 after being appointed to the Supreme Court of Ohio. New member elected October 8, 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Pennsylvania 9 | Thomas Burnside | Democratic- Republican |
1815 (special) | Incumbent resigned in April 1816 to accept judicial appointment. New member elected October 8, 1816 and seated December 3, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Virginia 18 | Thomas Gholson Jr. | Democratic- Republican |
1808 (special) | Incumbent died July 4, 1816. New member elected October 10–28, 1816 and seated December 4, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 9 "Sumter or Camden district" |
William Mayrant | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent resigned October 21, 1816, having just lost re-election. New member elected November 25 & 26, 1816 and seated January 2, 1817.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also won the general election; see below. |
|
| Georgia at-large | Alfred Cuthbert | Democratic- Republican |
1813 (special) 1814 |
Incumbent resigned November 9, 1816. New member elected in December 1816 and seated January 23, 1817.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 1 | James Clark | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent resigned April 8, 1816 when appointed circuit court judge. New member elected in 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Massachusetts 11 | Elijah Brigham | Federalist | 1810 | Incumbent died February 22, 1816. New member elected in 1816 and seated December 2, 1816.[2] Federalist hold. |
|
| Virginia 23 | John Clopton | Democratic- Republican |
1795 1799 (lost) 1801 |
Incumbent died September 11, 1816 New member elected in 1816 and seated December 17, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
15th Congress
[edit]| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member / Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Pennsylvania 10 | David Scott | Democratic- Republican |
1816 | Incumbent resigned to become president and judge of the court of common pleas. New member elected October 14, 1817 and seated with the rest of the House December 1, 1817.[15] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Connecticut at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Sylvanus Backus | Federalist | 1816 | Member-elect died February 15, 1817. New member elected in 1817 and seated with the rest of the House December 1, 1817.[15] Federalist hold. |
|
| Charles Dennison | Federalist | 1816 | Member-elect declined the seat. New member elected in 1817 and seated with the rest of the House December 1, 1817.[15] Federalist hold. | ||
| New York 4 | Henry B. Lee | Democratic- Republican |
1816 | Member-elect died February 18, 1817. New member elected in 1817 and seated with the rest of the House December 1, 1817.[15] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Missouri Territory at-large | John Scott | Democratic- Republican |
1816 | Incumbent's re-election declared illegal and seat vacated since March 4, 1817. Incumbent re-elected in 1817 and seated August 4, 1817.[15] |
|
Connecticut
[edit]Connecticut elected its members September 16, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket |
Benjamin Tallmadge | Federalist | 1801 (special) | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. Successor (Backus) died February 15, 1817, leading to a special election. |
|
| Epaphroditus Champion | Federalist | 1806 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. | ||
| Lewis B. Sturges | Federalist | 1805 (special) | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. Successor (Dennison) declined to serve, leading to a special election. | ||
| Timothy Pitkin | Federalist | 1805 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Davenport | Federalist | 1798 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. | ||
| Jonathan O. Moseley | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lyman Law | Federalist | 1810 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. | ||
Delaware
[edit]Delaware elected its members October 7, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Delaware at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Thomas Clayton | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. |
|
| Thomas Cooper | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
Georgia
[edit]Georgia elected its members October 7, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Georgia at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Wilson Lumpkin | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Richard Henry Wilde | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Bolling Hall | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Zadock Cook | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas Telfair | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| John Forsyth | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Illinois Territory
[edit]See Non-voting delegates, below.
Indiana
[edit]Indiana elected its member August 4, 1817, having just elected him just the year before to the new seat.
14th Congress
[edit]| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Indiana at-large | None (new state) | Indiana was admitted as a state of the Union on December 11, 1816.[2] New member elected in 1816 and seated December 11, 1816.[2] Democratic-Republican gain. |
| ||
15th Congress
[edit]| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Indiana at-large | William Hendricks | Democratic- Republican |
1816 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky
[edit]Kentucky elected its members August 5, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Kentucky 1 | James Clark | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent resigned April 8, 1816 when appointed circuit court judge. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor was not elected to finish the current term. |
|
| Kentucky 2 | Henry Clay | Democratic- Republican |
1810 1814 (resigned) 1814 1815 (seat declared vacant) 1815 (special) |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 3 | Richard M. Johnson | Democratic- Republican |
1806 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 4 | Joseph Desha | Democratic- Republican |
1806 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 5 | Alney McLean | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 6 | Solomon P. Sharp | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 7 | Samuel McKee | Democratic- Republican |
1808 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 8 | Stephen Ormsby | Democratic- Republican |
1810 1812 (lost) 1813 (special) |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 9 | Micah Taul | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Kentucky 10 | Benjamin Hardin | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
Louisiana
[edit]Louisiana elected its members July 1–3, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Louisiana at-large | Thomas B. Robertson | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland
[edit]Maryland elected its members October 6, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Maryland 1 | Philip Stuart | Federalist | 1810 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maryland 2 | John C. Herbert | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Alexander C. Hanson | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent resigned in 1816 when elected U.S. Senator. Winner was also elected to finish the term, see above. Federalist hold. |
|
| Maryland 4 | George Baer Jr. | Federalist | 1796 1801 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Maryland 5 Plural district with 2 seats |
Samuel Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1792 1802 (retired) 1816 (special) |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Peter Little | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Maryland 6 | Stevenson Archer | Democratic-Republican | 1811 (special) | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Maryland 7 | Robert Wright | Democratic-Republican | 1810 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Maryland 8 | Charles Goldsborough | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
Massachusetts
[edit]Massachusetts's electoral law required a majority for election. In five districts this was not met on the first election, requiring additional trials to be held.
Massachusetts elected its members November 4, 1816.
District numbers differed between source used and elsewhere on Wikipedia; district numbers used elsewhere on Wikipedia used here.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 "Suffolk district" |
Artemas Ward Jr. | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. Winner declined to serve and was replaced in a special election. |
|
| Massachusetts 2 "Essex South district" |
Timothy Pickering | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 3 "Essex North district" |
Jeremiah Nelson | Federalist | 1804 1806 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (November 4, 1816)
Second ballot (January 27, 1817)
|
| Massachusetts 4 "Middlesex district" |
Asahel Stearns | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 5 "Hampshire South district" |
Elijah H. Mills | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 6 "Hampshire North district" |
Samuel Taggart | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 7 "Berkshire district" |
John W. Hulbert | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 8 "Plymouth district" |
William Baylies | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
First ballot (November 4, 1816)
|
| Massachusetts 9 "Barnstable district" |
John Reed Jr. | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
First ballot (November 4, 1816)
Second ballot (January 27, 1817)
|
| Massachusetts 10 "Bristol district" |
Laban Wheaton | Federalist | 1808 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 11 "Worcester South district" |
Elijah Brigham | Federalist | 1810 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 12 "Worcester North district" |
Solomon Strong | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 13 "Norfolk district" |
Nathaniel Ruggles | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 14 "1st Eastern district" District of Maine |
Cyrus King | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 15 "2nd Eastern district" District of Maine |
George Bradbury | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 16 "3rd Eastern district" District of Maine |
Benjamin Brown | Federalist | 1812 | Ran for re-election in the 18th district Federalist hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 17 "4th Eastern district" District of Maine |
James Carr | Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent retired. Federalist gain. |
|
| Massachusetts 18 "5th Eastern district" District of Maine |
Thomas Rice | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (November 4, 1816)
Second ballot (January 27, 1817)
Third ballot (May 1, 1817)
Fourth ballot (July 21, 1817)
Fifth ballot (September 29, 1817)
|
| Samuel S. Conner Formerly served in the 19th district. |
Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican loss. | ||
| Massachusetts 19 "6th Eastern district" District of Maine |
Vacant | Incumbent ran in the 18th district. Democratic-Republican gain. |
First ballot (November 4, 1816)
Second ballot (January 27, 1817)
Third ballot (May 1, 1817)
Fourth ballot (July 21, 1817)
| ||
| Massachusetts 20 "7th Eastern district" District of Maine |
Albion K. Parris | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi
[edit]Mississippi was admitted as a state on December 10, 1817[15] from the western half of the former Mississippi Territory (the eastern half became Alabama Territory) It elected its first representative to Congress August 4–5, 1817.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Mississippi at-large | None (District created) | New seat. Democratic-Republican gain. |
| ||
Missouri Territory
[edit]See Non-voting delegates, below.
New Hampshire
[edit]New Hampshire elected its members August 26, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| New Hampshire at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Bradbury Cilley | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Charles Humphrey Atherton | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| William Hale | Federalist | 1808 1810 (lost) 1812 |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Roger Vose | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Daniel Webster | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Jeduthun Wilcox | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
New Jersey
[edit]In 1816, the Democratic-Republican candidates ran unopposed.
New Jersey elected its members November 4–5, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Lewis Condict | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Thomas Ward | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Henry Southard | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ephraim Bateman | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ezra Baker | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Benjamin Bennet | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
New York
[edit]New York elected its members April 23 to 25, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| New York 1 Plural district with 2 seats |
George Townsend | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Henry Crocheron | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| New York 2 Plural district with 2 seats |
William Irving | Democratic- Republican |
1813 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Peter H. Wendover | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| New York 3 | Jonathan Ward | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| New York 4 | Abraham H. Schenck | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner died February 18, 1817, leading to a special election. |
|
| New York 5 | Thomas P. Grosvenor | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 6 | James W. Wilkin | Democratic- Republican |
1815 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 7 | Samuel Betts | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| New York 8 | Erastus Root | Democratic- Republican |
1802 1804 (lost) 1808 1810 (retired) 1815 (won contest) |
Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| New York 9 | John Lovett | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 10 | Hosea Moffitt | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 11 | John W. Taylor | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 12 Plural district with 2 seats |
John Savage | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Asa Adgate | Democratic- Republican |
1815 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| New York 13 | John B. Yates | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| New York 14 | Daniel Cady | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| New York 15 Plural district with 2 seats |
Jabez D. Hammond | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| James Birdsall | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| New York 16 | Thomas R. Gold | Federalist | 1808 1814 |
Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 17 | Westel Willoughby Jr. | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| New York 18 | Moss Kent | Federalist | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 19 | Victory Birdseye | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| New York 20 Plural district with 2 seats |
Enos T. Throop | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. Incumbent then resigned June 4, 1816, leading to a special election. |
|
| Oliver C. Comstock | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| New York 21 Plural district with 2 seats |
Micah Brooks | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Peter B. Porter | Democratic- Republican |
1808 1812 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent resigned January 23, 1816 to become Commissioner under the Treaty of Ghent. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was not elected to finish the term, see above. | ||
North Carolina
[edit]North Carolina elected its members August 14, 1817.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Carolina 1 | William H. Murfree | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 2 | Joseph H. Bryan | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 3 | James W. Clark | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 4 | William Gaston | Federalist | 1813 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| North Carolina 5 | Charles Hooks | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 6 | Weldon N. Edwards | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 7 | John Culpepper | Federalist | 1806 1808 (contested) 1808 (special) 1813 |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist hold. Successor died before being seated, leading to a special election. |
|
| North Carolina 8 | Samuel Dickens | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 9 | Bartlett Yancey | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 10 | William C. Love | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 11 | Daniel M. Forney | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 12 | Israel Pickens | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina 13 | Lewis Williams | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio
[edit]Ohio elected its members October 8, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Ohio 1 | John McLean | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent resigned in April 1816 become Associate Judge of Ohio Supreme Court. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected, the same day, to finish the current next term. |
|
| Ohio 2 | John Alexander | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Ohio 3 | William Creighton Jr. | Democratic- Republican |
1813 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Ohio 4 | James Caldwell | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. Election was later unsuccessfully contested.[2] |
|
| Ohio 5 | James Kilbourne | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent retired. Federalist gain. |
|
| Ohio 6 | David Clendenin | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
Pennsylvania
[edit]Pennsylvania elected its members October 8, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d][18] | |
| Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 4 seats |
John Sergeant | Federalist | 1815 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Joseph Hopkinson | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William Milnor | Federalist | 1806 1810 (lost) 1814 |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Thomas Smith | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 2 seats |
William Darlington | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist gain. |
|
| John Hahn | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Federalist gain. | ||
| Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 2 seats |
John Whiteside | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| James M. Wallace | Democratic-Republican | 1815 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pennsylvania 4 | Hugh Glasgow | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 5 Plural district with 2 seats |
William Maclay | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| William Crawford | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Pennsylvania 6 Plural district with 2 seats |
Samuel D. Ingham | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| John Ross | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pennsylvania 7 | Joseph Hiester | Democratic-Republican | 1798 1804 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 8 | William Piper | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 9 | Thomas Burnside | Democratic-Republican | 1815 (special) | Incumbent resigned in April 1816 to accept judicial appointment. New member elected October 8, 1816. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor also elected, the same day, to finish the term. |
|
| Pennsylvania 10 Plural district with 2 seats |
William Wilson | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Jared Irwin | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor resigned before Congress started, leading to a special election. | ||
| Pennsylvania 11 | William Findley | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 12 | Aaron Lyle | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 13 | Isaac Griffin | Democratic-Republican | 1813 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 14 | John Woods | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 15 | Thomas Wilson | Democratic-Republican | 1813 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
Rhode Island
[edit]Rhode Island elected its members August 27, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
John L. Boss Jr. | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| James B. Mason | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
South Carolina
[edit]South Carolina elected its members October 14–15, 1816.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 1 "Charleston district" |
Henry Middleton | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 2 "Beaufort district" |
William Lowndes | Democratic- Republican |
1810 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 3 "Georgetown district" |
Benjamin Huger | Federalist | 1798 1804 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain |
|
| South Carolina 4 "Orangeburgh district" |
John J. Chappell | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 5 "Newberry district" |
William Woodward | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 6 "Abbeville district" |
John C. Calhoun | Democratic- Republican |
1810 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 7 "Pendleton district" |
John Taylor | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 8 "Chester district" |
Thomas Moore | Democratic- Republican |
1800 1812 (retired) 1814 |
Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 9 "Sumter district" |
William Mayrant | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. Incumbent resigned October 21, 1816, leading to a special election, also won by Miller. |
|
Tennessee
[edit]Tennessee elected its members August 7–8, 1817.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Tennessee 1 | Samuel Powell | Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Tennessee 2 | William G. Blount | Democratic- Republican |
1815 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 3 | Isaac Thomas | Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Tennessee 4 | Bennett H. Henderson | Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Tennessee 5 | Newton Cannon | Democratic- Republican |
1814 (special) | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Tennessee 6 | James B. Reynolds | Democratic- Republican |
1815 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
Vermont
[edit]Vermont elected its members September 3, 1816, replacing its six Federalists with six Democratic-Republicans.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Vermont at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Daniel Chipman | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Luther Jewett | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Chauncey Langdon | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Asa Lyon | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| Charles Marsh | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| John Noyes | Federalist | 1814 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
Virginia
[edit]Virginia elected its members in April 1817.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Virginia 1 | John G. Jackson | Democratic-Republican | 1803 1810 (resigned) 1813 |
Incumbent retired. Federalist gain. |
|
| Virginia 2 | Magnus Tate | Federalist | 1815 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| Virginia 3 | Henry S. Tucker | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 4 | William McCoy | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 5 | James Breckinridge | Federalist | 1809 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Virginia 6 | Daniel Sheffey | Federalist | 1809 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain |
|
| Virginia 7 | Ballard Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 8 | Joseph Lewis Jr. | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| Virginia 9 | John Hungerford | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Virginia 10 | Aylett Hawes | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Virginia 11 | Philip P. Barbour | Democratic-Republican | 1814 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 12 | William H. Roane | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Virginia 13 | Burwell Bassett | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 14 | William A. Burwell | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 15 | John Kerr | Democratic-Republican | 1815 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Virginia 16 | John Randolph | Democratic-Republican | 1799 1813 (lost) 1815 |
Incumbent lost-re-election. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| Virginia 17 | James Pleasants | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 18 | Thomas M. Nelson | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 19 | Peterson Goodwyn | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 20 | James Johnson | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 21 | Thomas Newton Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 22 | Hugh Nelson | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 23 | John Tyler | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Non-voting delegates
[edit]There were three territories with the right to send delegates during at least part of the 15th Congress.
Illinois Territory also only existed during the 1st Session, as it was admitted to the Union as the State of Illinois on December 3, 1818.
Mississippi Territory only existed during the first few months of the 15th Congress, but did not elect a delegate, since it was admitted to the Union as a state a few days into the 1st Session of the 15th Congress.
There were two elections held for the delegate from Missouri Territory. The first was contested by Rufus Easton on the grounds of electoral fraud. This election was declared void, and a second election was held on August 4, 1817.[2] It was won without controversy by John Scott, who took his seat on December 8, 1817.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[d] | |
| Illinois Territory at-large | Benjamin Stephenson | Democratic- Republican |
1814 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected September 5, 1816. Democratic-Republican hold.[19] |
|
| Missouri Territory at-large | Rufus Easton | None | 1814 | Incumbent lost re-election. New delegate elected September 10, 1816 but challenged the result. Election was declared void January 13, 1817.[20] |
|
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Regular elections only
- ^ a b c d Figures are at variance with both Dubin (p. 62, which includes "140 Republicans, 1 Independent Republican, and 2 vacancies", in addition to "41 Federalists"), and Martis (p. 84) and "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* ▌1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. (which both report 146 Democrat-Republicans, and 39 Federalists). But Dubin appears to incorrectly list Lewis Williams of NC-13 as a "Federalist" (see pg. 60 and 55, etc.) instead of a "Democrat-Republican", while Martis lists Philemon Beecher of OH-05 as a "Democrat-Republican" instead of a "Federalist", which if accounted for would revise both Dubin's and Martis's totals to 40 Federalists (and therefore 144 Democrat-Republicans).
- ^ A majority was required for election, which was not met in the initial election for 5 districts requiring additional trials to be held on January 27, May 1, July 21, September 29, and December 1, 1817.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source
- ^ Full name unknown.
- ^ Exactly 50%.
References
[edit]- ^ 3 Stat. 349
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Fourteenth Congress March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on October 22, 2018. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
- ^ "North Carolina 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 6, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Maryland 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 5, Special, January". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "New York 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 21, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "North Carolina 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 5, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "North Carolina 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 8, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "New York 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 20, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Maryland 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 5, Special, September". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Maryland 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 3, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Ohio 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 1, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ^ "by a majority of 200 votes" "South Carolina 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 9, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Georgia 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Virginia 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 23, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f "Fifteenth Congress March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1819". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved November 2, 2018 – via History.house.gov.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Indiana 1816 U.S. House of Representatives". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
- ^ "Maryland 1816 U.S. House of Representatives, District 5". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
- ^ Cox, Harold (January 31, 2007). "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682–2006". The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
- ^ "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details".
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MO Territorial Delegate Race - Sep 10, 1816".
Bibliography
[edit]- "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Archived from the original on January 29, 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). 1788–1997 United States Congressional Elections: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789–1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- Mapping Early American Elections project team (2019). "Mapping Early American Elections". Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
External links
[edit]- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)