Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čōk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čok-

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Oghuz, Gagauz and Turkish point to a long vowel.^[1]

Adjective

*čōk

vile, hooligan
many, very
Antonym: *āŕ (“few, a little”)

Descendants

Oghuz: جُوقْ (çōk, “vile, hooligan”)^[2]
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: çox
  - Ottoman Turkish: چوق (çok)
    - Gagauz: çok (çoy-)
    - Turkish: çok (çoğ-)
    - → Crimean Tatar: çoq
    - → Karaim: čok
Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: shoq (“vile, hooligan”)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: чок (cok)
    - ⇒ Southern Altai: чогулар (čogular)
Siberian:
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: [script needed] (šoɣ, “vile, hooligan”)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (sox, “vile, hooligan”)

References

^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*čok”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 130, 280

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 405

[1] Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*čok”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[2] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 130, 280

[1]

[2]