預

See also: 预

預	U+9810, 預 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9810

← 頏
[U+980F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

頑 →
[U+9811]

Translingual

Traditional	預
Simplified	预
Japanese	予
Korean	豫

Han character

預 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓一月金 (NNMBC), four-corner 1128₆, composition ⿰予頁)

Derived characters

𱠽, 澦, 𣛿, 𬘂, 𨮌, 𲊸, 𠟹, 蕷

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43373
Dae Jaweon: page 1917, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4363, character 10
Unihan data for U+9810

Chinese

trad.		預
simp.		预
2nd round simp.		予
alternative forms		奕 Hokkien specific senses 豫 variant

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
野	laːʔ, ɦljaʔ
壄	*laːʔ
序	*ljaʔ
抒	ljaʔ, hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧	*l'aʔ
杼	l'aʔ, ɦljaʔ
墅	*ɦljaːʔ
舒	*hlja
紓	hlja, ɦljaʔ
妤	*la
伃	*la
予	la, laʔ
預	*las
忬	*las
豫	*las
蕷	*las
澦	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *las) : phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ) + semantic 頁.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yi⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi
Eastern Min (BUC): ê̤ṳ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ū / īr / ī / ǐr

(Teochew, Peng'im): e⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yù
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴
  - Yale: yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
  - Palladius: юй (juj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jyu⁶
  - Yale: yuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ji³²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ê̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /øy²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: y⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū
  - Tâi-lô: ū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: u
  - IPA (Xiamen): /u²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /u³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īr
  - Tâi-lô: īr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Tainan, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
  - Tâi-lô: ī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: i
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /i³³/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /i⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ǐr
  - Tâi-lô: ǐr
  - IPA (Lukang): /ɨ³³/

Note:

Xiamen:
- ū - literary;
- ī - vernacular (“to participate; to play; to start”).
Taiwan:
- ī/ū/īr/ǐr - literary;
- ī - vernacular (“to play”).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: e⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̆
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɯ³⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yu
  - MiniDict: yu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhy
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²³/

Middle Chinese: yoH

Rime
Character	預
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊洳切
Baxter	yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨʌ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɔ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/iɔ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨə̆^H/
Li Rong	/iɔ^H/
Wang Li	/jĭo^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*las/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	預
Reading #	1/1
No.	15740
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	豫
Old Chinese	/*las/

Definitions

預

beforehand, in advance
^† to take part in
(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to participate in an activity
(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to play (chess, cards, mahjong, hide-and-seek, etc.)
(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, of an activity) to start
(Cantonese, Teochew) to foresee; to expect; to anticipate
我預咗佢會遲到㗎啦。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我预咗佢会迟到㗎啦。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ jyu⁶ zo² keoi⁵ wui⁵ ci⁴ dou³ gaa³ laa¹. [Jyutping]
I knew he was going to be late.
(Cantonese, Teochew) to prepare; to plan for; to estimate
今晚有朋友上嚟食飯，你預多啲飯餸喇喎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
今晚有朋友上嚟食饭，你预多啲饭𩠌喇㖞。 [Cantonese, simp.]
gam¹ maan^5-1 jau⁵ pang⁴ jau⁵ soeng⁶ lai⁴ sik⁶ faan⁶, nei⁵ jyu⁶ do¹ di¹ faan⁶ sung³ laa³ wo³. [Jyutping]
A friend is coming over for dinner tonight, so prepare more food.
(Cantonese) to reserve a place; to count someone in
預返啲位畀佢擺行李喎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
预返啲位畀佢摆行李㖞。 [Cantonese, simp.]
jyu⁶ faan¹ di¹ wai^6-2 bei² keoi⁵ baai² hang⁴ lei⁵ wo³. [Jyutping]
Save some space for him to put his luggage.

聽日旅行預埋你㗎喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
听日旅行预埋你㗎喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ting¹ jat⁶ leoi⁵ hang⁴ jyu⁶ maai⁴ nei⁵ gaa³ laa³. [Jyutping]
We're counting you in for tomorrow's trip.

Compounds

何預／何预
參預／参预
單一預算／单一预算
單式預算／单式预算
天氣預報／天气预报 (tiānqì yùbào)
干預 (gānyù)
年度預算／年度预算
投資預算／投资预算
機率預報／机率预报
潮汐預報／潮汐预报
總預算／总预算
言之不預／言之不预
赤字預算／赤字预算
追加預算／追加预算
零基預算／零基预算
預付／预付 (yùfù)
預付卡／预付卡
預估／预估 (yùgū)
預借／预借
預備／预备 (yùbèi)
預備役／预备役 (yùbèiyì)
預備金／预备金
預兆／预兆 (yùzhào)
預先／预先 (yùxiān)
預力／预力
預卜／预卜 (yùbǔ)
預告／预告 (yùgào)
預告片／预告片
預售／预售 (yùshòu)
預售屋／预售屋
預報／预报 (yùbào)
預定／预定 (yùdìng)
預後／预后 (yùhòu)
預感／预感 (yùgǎn)
預想／预想 (yùxiǎng)
預拌料／预拌料
預支／预支 (yùzhī)
預料／预料 (yùliào)
預斷／预断 (yùduàn)
預期／预期 (yùqī)
預測／预测 (yùcè)
預演／预演 (yùyǎn)
預產期／预产期 (yùchǎnqī)
預留／预留 (yùliú)
預知／预知 (yùzhī)
預祝／预祝 (yùzhù)
預視／预视
預科／预科 (yùkē)
預算／预算 (yùsuàn)
預約／预约 (yùyuē)
預繳／预缴
預習／预习 (yùxí)
預聞／预闻 (yùwén)
預行／预行 (yùxíng)
預見／预见 (yùjiàn)
預言／预言 (yùyán)
預言家／预言家 (yùyánjiā)
預訂／预订 (yùdìng)
預計／预计 (yùjì)
預設／预设 (yùshè)
預謀／预谋 (yùmóu)
預警／预警 (yùjǐng)
預賽／预赛 (yùsài)
預購／预购 (yùgòu)
預選／预选
預防／预防 (yùfáng)
預防接種／预防接种
預防注射
預防醫學／预防医学
預防針／预防针 (yùfángzhēn)

References

“預”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “预”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 292.

Japanese

Kanji

預

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

beforehand
take care of
entrust

Readings

On (unclassified): よ (yo, Jōyō)
Kun: あずける (azukeru, 預ける, Jōyō)、あらかじめ (arakajime, 預め)、あずかる (azukaru, 預かる, Jōyō)

Compounds

Usage notes

Korean

Hanja

預 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

預: Hán Việt readings: dự^[1]
預: Nôm readings: dứa^[2], dựa^[2], nhứ^[2], rợ^[2]

chữ Hán form of dự (“to participate”).
(in compounds) chữ Hán form of dự (“to forsee, to prepare”).

References

^ Nguyễn et al. (2009).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Trần (2004).

[tdcntd-1] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Trần (2004).

[1]

[2]