濃

See also: 浓

濃 U+6FC3, 濃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FC3 ← 濂 [U+6FC2] CJK Unified Ideographs 濄 → [U+6FC4]

Translingual

Han character

濃 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水廿田女 (ETWV), four-corner 3513₂, composition ⿰氵農)

Descendants

• 浓

Derived characters

• 𤒚, 𮦽

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 654, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18442
• Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1756, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6FC3

Chinese

trad.		濃
simp.		浓

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (農) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嶩	*nuː
噥	*rnuːŋ, *nuːŋ
鬞	*rnuːŋ, *noŋ
擃	*rnuːŋʔ
齈	*noːŋs
癑	*noːŋs
農	*nuːŋ
辳	*nuːŋ
憹	*nuːŋ
膿	*nuːŋ
儂	*nuːŋ
濃	*noŋ
醲	*noŋ
襛	*noŋ, *njoŋ
穠	*noŋ, *njoŋ
檂	*noŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *noŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 農 (OC *nuːŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːŋ (“heavy; thick, viscous”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nóng (nong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nung⁴ / jung⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nuung³ / nguung³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nùng / ngiùng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): nung² / ngiung²

• Eastern Min (BUC): nùng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): long⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnion

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nóng
    • Wade–Giles: nung²
    • Yale: núng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nong
    • Palladius: нун (nun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nung⁴ / jung⁴
    • Yale: nùhng / yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nung⁴ / jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nung⁴ / yung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ²¹/, /jʊŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nuung³ / nguung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdɵŋ²²/, /ᵑɡɵŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nùng / ngiùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: nung^ˇ / ngiung^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nung² / ngiung²
    • Sinological IPA: /nuŋ¹¹/, /ŋi̯uŋ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: nung² / ngiung²
    • Sinological IPA: /nʊŋ¹¹/, /ŋiʊŋ¹¹/

Note:

• Meixian:
  • nung2 - literary;
  • ngiung2 - vernacular.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡuŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông
    • Tâi-lô: lông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: long⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /loŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnion
    • MiniDict: nyon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyion
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲioŋ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nrjowng

Rime
Character	濃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女容切
Baxter	nrjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳuawŋ/
Li Rong	/nioŋ/
Wang Li	/nĭwoŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n<r>oŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*noŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	濃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nóng
Middle Chinese	‹ nrjowng ›
Old Chinese	/*n<r>oŋ/
English	thick (esp. as a liquid); strong (drink)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濃
Reading #	1/1
No.	9577
Phonetic component	農
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	醲
Old Chinese	/*noŋ/

Definitions

濃

1. thick; concentrated
2. (of colors) deep

   Synonym: 深 (shēn)

   Antonyms: 淺／浅, 淡

3. (of beverage) strong; concentrated

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 稠 (“thick; viscous”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		稠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		稠
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	稠, 糨
	Taiwan	稠
	Harbin	稠
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	稠
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	厚
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	稠
	Wanrong	稠
	Xi'an	稠
	Xuzhou	稠, 厚
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	稠
	Lanzhou	稠
	Ürümqi	稠, 糨, 糊
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	稠, 乾, 釅
	Wuhan	釅, 稠
	Guiyang	乾
	Liuzhou	稠
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	稠
	Yangzhou	厚, 稠, 乾
	Nantong	厚
	Hefei	厚, 乾
Cantonese	Guangzhou	杰
	Hong Kong	杰
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	杰
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	杰
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	醹
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	杰
	Macau	杰
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	杰
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	杰
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	杰
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	杰
	Foshan	杰
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	杰
	Foshan (Shunde)	杰
	Foshan (Sanshui)	杰
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	杰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	杰
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	杰
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	杰
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	杰
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	杰
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	杰
	Taishan	醹, 杰
	Kaiping (Chikan)	醹, 杰
	Enping (Niujiang)	杰, 醹
	Heshan (Yayao)	杰
	Dongguan	杰
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	杰
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	杰
	Shaoguan	杰
	Yunfu	杰
	Yangjiang	𤄷, 杰
	Xinyi	杰
	Lianjiang	杰
	Nanning	杰
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	杰
Gan	Nanchang	及
	Lichuan	濃
	Pingxiang	濃
Hakka	Meixian	醹, 結
	Xingning	醹
	Huidong (Daling)	醹, 竭
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	竭
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	醹
	Changting	醹, 濃, 竭
	Wuping	醹, 竭
	Wuping (Pingyu)	醹
	Liancheng	醹, 竭
	Ninghua	濃, 稠
	Yudu	竭
	Ruijin	竭
	Shicheng	濃
	Shangyou (Shexi)	醹
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	醹
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	醹
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	醹
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	醹
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	醹
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	醹
	Hong Kong	醹
Huizhou	Jixi	硬
	Shexian	硬
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	厚
	Xiuning	硬
	Yixian	硬
	Qimen	硬
	Wuyuan	硬
Jin	Taiyuan	稠
Northern Min	Jian'ou	濃
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	濃
	Songxi	濃
	Zhenghe	濃
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	濃
	Jianyang	濃
	Wuyishan	濃
	Pucheng (Shibei)	濃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	𬇴
	Fuzhou (Changle)	𬇴
	Lianjiang	𬇴
	Fuqing	洘
	Pingtan	洘
	Yongtai	𬇴
	Minqing	𬇴
	Gutian	𬇴
	Pingnan	𬇴
	Luoyuan	𬇴
	Fu'an	𬇴
	Ningde	𬇴
	Xiapu	𬇴
	Zherong	𬇴
	Shouning	濃
	Zhouning	𬇴
	Fuding	𬇴
Southern Min	Xiamen	洘, 洽
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	洘
	Quanzhou	洘, 洽
	Jinjiang	洘
	Nan'an	洘
	Shishi	洘
	Hui'an	洘
	Anxi	洘
	Yongchun	洘
	Dehua	洘
	Zhangzhou	洘, 洽, 汔, 𠕇, 醪
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	𠕇
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	𠕇
	Hua'an	𠕇
	Nanjing	𠕇
	Pinghe	𠕇, 汔
	Zhangpu	汔
	Yunxiao	糊
	Zhao'an	汔
	Dongshan	汔
	Taipei	洘
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	洘
	Kaohsiung	洘
	Yilan	洘, 汔
	Changhua (Lukang)	洘
	Taichung	洘
	Tainan	洘
	Taitung	洘
	Hsinchu	洘
	Kinmen	洘
	Penghu (Magong)	洘
	Penang (Hokkien)	汔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	洘
	Manila (Hokkien)	洘, 洽
	Longyan	汔, 釅
	Zhangping	乾, 𠕇
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	渴
	Datian	洘, 醪
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	杰
	Chaozhou	𫀸
	Shantou	𫀸
	Shantou (Chenghai)	𫀸
	Jieyang	𫀸
	Haifeng	𫀸
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	𫀸
	Leizhou	洘, 渴
	Wenchang	渴
	Haikou	渴
Puxian Min	Putian	洘
	Xianyou	洘
Central Min	Yong'an	濃
	Sanming (Shaxian)	濃
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	杰
Wu	Shanghai	厚
	Shanghai (Chongming)	厚
	Suzhou	厚
	Wuxi	乾
	Danyang	乾, 厚
	Hangzhou	厚
	Ningbo	燥
	Wenzhou	饘
	Jinhua	厚
Xiang	Changsha	釅
	Shuangfeng	濃

Dialectal synonyms of 釅 (“(of a liquid) concentrated; (of a beverage) strong”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		釅, 濃
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	釅
	Taiwan	濃
	Singapore	濃
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	釅
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	釅
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	釅
	Wuhan	釅
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	濃
	Hefei	濃
Cantonese	Guangzhou	濃
	Hong Kong	濃
	Taishan	濃
	Yangjiang	濃
	Singapore (Guangfu)	濃
Gan	Nanchang	釅
Hakka	Meixian	釅
Jin	Taiyuan	釅
Northern Min	Jian'ou	濃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	濃, 鎮
Southern Min	Xiamen	厚
	Quanzhou	厚
	Zhangzhou	厚
	Tainan	厚
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厚
	Manila (Hokkien)	厚
	Chaozhou	釅, 厚
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	厚, 濃
Wu	Suzhou	濃
	Wenzhou	濃
Xiang	Changsha	釅
	Shuangfeng	釅, 濃

Compounds

• 信濃川／信浓川
• 戰雲濃密／战云浓密
• 淡妝濃抹／淡妆浓抹
• 濃厚／浓厚 (nónghòu)
• 濃妝／浓妆 (nóngzhuāng)
• 濃妝淡抹／浓妆淡抹
• 濃妝豔抹／浓妆艳抹 (nóngzhuāngyànmǒ)
• 濃妝豔服／浓妆艳服
• 濃妝豔裹／浓妆艳裹
• 濃妝豔飾／浓妆艳饰
• 濃密／浓密 (nóngmì)
• 濃度／浓度 (nóngdù)
• 濃快／浓快
• 濃抹／浓抹 (nóngmǒ)
• 濃抹淡妝／浓抹淡妆
• 濃桃豔李／浓桃艳李
• 濃淡／浓淡 (nóngdàn)
• 濃湯／浓汤 (nóngtāng)
• 濃濃／浓浓 (nóngnóng)
• 濃烈／浓烈 (nóngliè)
• 濃煙／浓烟 (nóngyān)
• 濃眉／浓眉 (nóngméi)
• 濃眉大眼／浓眉大眼 (nóngméi dà yǎn)
• 濃睡／浓睡
• 濃縮／浓缩 (nóngsuō)
• 濃縮版／浓缩版
• 濃縮鈾／浓缩铀 (nóngsuōyóu)
• 濃茶／浓茶 (nóngchá)
• 濃蔭／浓荫
• 濃蔭蔽空／浓荫蔽空
• 濃豔／浓艳 (nóngyàn)
• 濃郁 (nóngyù)
• 濃重／浓重 (nóngzhòng)
• 濃雲密布／浓云密布
• 濃霧／浓雾 (nóngwù)
• 濃黑／浓黑
• 濃墨／浓墨
• 甘旨肥濃／甘旨肥浓
• 美濃／美浓 (Měinóng)
• 血濃於水／血浓于水 (xuènóngyúshuǐ)

 

Japanese

Kanji

濃

(Jōyō kanji)

1. dark
2. thick

Readings

• Go-on: にゅう (nyū)^{←にゆう (nyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: じょう (jō)^{←ぢよう (dyou, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: のう (nō, Jōyō)
• Kun: こい (koi, 濃い, Jōyō)
• Nanori: の (no)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
濃
のう Grade: S
kan'yōon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [no̞ː]

Affix

濃(のう) • (nō) 

1. dark color

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
濃
こ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ko̞]

Prefix

濃(こ) • (ko-) 

1. dark color

Korean

Hanja

濃 (eumhun 짙을 농 (jiteul nong))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 雪濃湯

Vietnamese

Han character

濃: Hán Nôm readings: nùng, nống, nồng, nông

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.