ḥbs

See also: HBs and ḫbs

Egyptian

Compare Arabic حَبَّسَ (ḥabbasa), Hebrew חָבַשׁ (ḥāḇáš).

(verb): (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːbas/ → /ˈħaːbas/ → /ˈħaːbəs/ → /ˈħoːβəs/

3-lit.

(transitive) to clothe (a person or body part) (+ m: in, with (a garment)) [since the Pyramid Texts]
(intransitive) to be(come) clothed (+ m: in, with (a garment))
(transitive, uncommon) to don, to put on (a garment) [Middle Kingdomn literature and New Kingdom]
(transitive) to hide, to cover up (a body part)
(transitive) to cover up (an object) with cloth, to cover or wrap (+ m: in, with (a cloth)) [since the Medical papyri]
(transitive) to cover over, to cover (a place) (+ m: in, with (a substance: sand, rocks, floodwater, etc.; also, a crowd of people))
(transitive, of the sky) to cover (the earth)
(transitive) to expand (a construction such as a temple or city) with further surrounding constructions (+ m: with (an annex, a defensive wall, etc.))
(transitive) to furnish (a house)
(transitive, of the king) to shield, to protect (Egypt) [20th Dynasty]
(transitive, with m) to bathe (something) in (light) [Greco-Roman Period]
(transitive) to keep (names, deeds, documents, etc.) secret

Conjugation of ḥbs (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥbs, geminated stem: ḥbss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḥbs	ḥbsw, ḥbs	ḥbst	ḥbs	ḥbs

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḥbs	ḥr ḥbs	m ḥbs	r ḥbs

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥbs.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḥbs	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥbs	ḥbs, ḥbsw⁵, ḥbsy⁵
imperfective	ḥbs, ḥbsy, ḥbsw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥbs, ḥbsj⁶, ḥbsy⁶	ḥbs, ḥbsw⁵
prospective	ḥbs, ḥbstj⁷	—	ḥbstj⁴, ḥbst⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥbs

ḥbs

[Pyramid Texts to Middle Kingdom]

[New Kingdom]

[late New Kingdom]

in hieratic

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥbs

ḥbs

[since the New Kingdom]

[Greco-Roman Period]

abbreviation

m

garment, piece of clothing [since the Pyramid Texts]
(of the dead) mummy wrappings
(Late Egyptian) horsecloth, caparison
(Late Egyptian) covering for a chariot
straining cloth, cloth through which a substance is strained, pressed, or sieved [since the Medical papyri]
bandage, cloth used for bandaging [Medical papyri]
cloth as a material, as used for wicks, sails, tents, bandages, etc.

Declension of ḥbs (masculine)

See under the verb above.

“ḥbs (lemma ID 103740)” and “ḥbs (lemma ID 103750)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 64.3–66.12
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 167
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 198.