Nikolai Ivanovich Depreradovich (Russian: Депрерадович, Николай Иванович; Serbian: Никола Прерадовић; Novorossiya, Imperial Russia, 23 October 1767 – St. Peterburg, Imperial Russia, 16 December 1843) was one of the most decorated Russian generals who fought against Napoleonic France. He was a general of the cavalry and adjutant general who took part both in Napoleonic Wars and Finnish Wars. His family, with roots in Serbian lands, moved to Imperial Russia in 1752.[2]
Nikolai Ivanovich Depreradovich | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Native name | Nikola Preradović |
| Born | 23 October 1767 Novorossiya, Imperial Russia |
| Died | 16 December 1843 (aged 76) St. Petersburg, Imperial Russia |
| Allegiance |  Russian Empire |
| Service | Army |
| Years of service | 1777–1835 |
| Rank | General of the Cavalry |
| Commands | Guard Reserve Cavalry Corps |
| Wars | |
| Awards | Order of St. George Order of the Red Eagle Order of St. Vladimir Order of Saint Anna Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky Order of St. John of Jerusalem Military Order of Maria Theresa Iron Cross Gold Sword for Bravery |
He played an important role with Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov (1776–1847) in the grand strategy of the Russian Empire after Alexander I ascended the throne.[3]
Biography
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He was a Serb[4] originally from an old border officer's family that moved from what was then part of the Austrian Empire's Military Frontier to Slavo-Serbia in Imperial Russia. His brother, Leontii Depreradovich, came close to achieving the same success if it were not for a scandal that got him dismissed from the army.[5]
At the age of ten, Depreradovich enlisted as a cadet in the Volozh Hussar Regiment on 12 December 1777. He rose to sub-lieutenant in 1782 at 15. He fought in the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1791) at Koushani, Akkerman, and Bender, and commanded the Semyonovsky Regiment, from 1799 to 1807.[6]
Depreradovich participated in the last wars of Empress Catherine the Great against the Turks and Poles. He was one of the officers involved in the conspiracy against Paul I in favor of the son, Alexander I.
On May 16, 1803, he was promoted to major general and appointed commander of the Chevalier Guard Regiment. In this position, he served during all the wars with Napoleon. On 26 November 1804, he was awarded the Order of St. George 4th class. Commanding the chevalier-guardsmen, he led a brilliant attack near Austerlitz, giving the guard the opportunity to retreat. The regiment lost 15 officers and 200 privates during the attack. On 24 February 1806, he was awarded the Order of St. George, 3rd class.[5]
Depreradovich participated in all the major battles of the Eylau Campaign of 1806–1807.
In 1810, he was appointed the commander of the 1st Cuirassier Division, which at the beginning of the Patriotic War of 1812 was part of the 1st Western Army.[7] In this capacity, Depreradovich participated in the Patriotic War of 1812 and foreign campaigns. On 30 August 1813, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general. Depreradovich especially distinguished himself in the battles of Kulm and Fère-Champenoise. At Fère-Champenoise, it was Depreradovich's actions that decided the outcome of the battle.[8]
He rose to general of the cavalry and adjutant general on 3 September 1826 and commanded the Guard Reserve Cavalry Corps between 14 April 1833 and 12 March 1835.
He died on 28 December 1843. He was 76.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ The State Hermitage. Western European painting. Catalog. 2nd Volume
- ^ "Nikolay Depreradovich". www.peoples.ru.
- ^ LeDonne, John P. (11 December 2003). The Grand Strategy of the Russian Empire, 1650–1831. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-534769-2 – via Google Books.
- ^ Acović, Dragomir (2017). "Šest vekova odlikovanja među Srbima". Politikin Zabavnik. 3438: 10–11.
- ^ a b Mikaberidze, Alexander (19 January 2005). Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Savas Beatie. ISBN 978-1-61121-002-6 – via Google Books.
- ^ Pushchin, Pavel Sergeevich (2011). Diaries of the 1812–1814 Campaigns. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-105-09818-5.
- ^ A, Foord Edward. Napoleon's Russian campaign of 1812. Рипол Классик. ISBN 978-1-171-76237-9 – via Google Books.
- ^ ""Der" Kamerad Wien, 1862–1896: österreichisch-ungarische Wehr-Zeitung". 1865 – via Google Books.