The Kninjas (Serbian: Книнџе / Knindže), also known as the Red Berets, was a Serb paramilitary unit and a volunteer militia supporting the Army of Serb Krajina during the Croatian War of Independence. It was based in Knin, the capital of breakaway SAO Krajina that became the Republic of Serb Krajina (RSK).
| Kninjas | |
|---|---|
| Knindže | |
 | |
| Active | 1991–1995 |
| Allegiance |  Republic of Serbian Krajina |
| Branch |  Army of Serbian Krajina |
| Size | 64 soldiers |
| Nickname(s) | Red Berets |
| Engagements | |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Dragan Vasiljković |
| Insignia | |
| Emblem | Serbian cross |
It was led by Serbian-Australian Dragan Vasiljković war criminal, known as "Captain Dragan".[1] The unit was one of several notable Serb paramilitary units, alongside the White Eagles, Serbian Volunteer Guard, Scorpions, Wolves of Vučjak, and others.
History
editVasiljković, who had served in the Australian Army, had returned to Yugoslavia in 1990 during the Croatian independence movement, eventually being hired as an instructor for volunteers in the summer of 1991. At this time, Belgrade daily Politika published a comic book named The Demons Return that featured the Kninjas fighting the Croats with martial arts.[2] The unit, deemed elite, was a special unit that answered in part to Knin police chief Milan Martić.[3] According to Martić himself, he was supplied of equipment and weapons mostly from the Serbian government.[3] It became the special forces of the RSK Interior Ministry.[4]
The name, a pun on "Knin" and "Ninjas",[2] was informal;[5] the unit did not have an official name, but the term was used for the mostly Vasiljković-trained volunteers.[5]
Members of the unit were involved in the December 1991 Bruška massacre.
Veterans of the unit later joined the Special Operations Unit of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Vasiljković served a 15-year prison sentence for war crimes by the Croatian court in Split.[6][7] He was released from prison on March 28, 2020.[8]
The emblem was a customized Serbian cross, with blue background and inverted firesteels. In the 257 operations conducted by the Kninjas,[9] only one out of the 64 soldiers died due to a direct explosion by a grenade on his head and another four were injured.[9]
Cultural impact
editThe Bosnian Serb nationalist singer Baja Mali Knindža chose his stagename in honour of the Kninjas.[10][11] He has also recorded a well-known song called Knindže Krajišnici ("Kninjas of the Krajina").
References
edit- ^ "The Real Captain Dragan". Australian Broadcasting Corporation News. 26 May 2011. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ a b Thompson 1999.
- ^ a b Thompson 1999, p. 73.
- ^ Focus. Tanjug News Agency, Foreign Language Desk. January 1992. p. 55.
- ^ a b GLA.
- ^ Magnay, Jacquelin (21 September 2016). "Dragan Vasiljkovic war crimes hearing begins in Croatia". The Australian. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ^ "Captain Dragan: Serbian war crimes suspect Dragan Vasiljkovic extradited from Australia". Australian Broadcasting Corporation News. 8 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ "KAPETAN DRAGAN PUŠTEN IZ ZATVORA I ODMAH PROTJERAN U SRBIJU Bio je osuđen za ratne zločine u Kninu i Glini, nakon odsluženja kazne odveden na Bajakovo". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Интервью Капитана Драгана". 2019-11-25. Archived from the original on 2019-11-25. Retrieved 2024-05-15.
- ^ "Dvostruka mjerila: 'Mali Knindža' slavi četnike u Švicarskoj". Slobodna Dalmacija. 7 October 2009. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
- ^ "Thompsona protjerali, a Malom Knindži daju da propagira četnike". Jutarnji. 7 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
Sources
edit- John B. Allcock; Marko Milivojević; John Joseph Horton (1998). Conflict in the former Yugoslavia: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-87436-935-9.
- Thompson, Mark (1 January 1999). Forging War: The Media in Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina. University of Luton Press. ISBN 978-1-86020-552-1.
- John Oppenheim; Willem-Jan van der Wolf (1997). Global War Crimes Tribunal Collection. Vol. 3. Global Law Association.