Arizona's 1st congressional district is a congressional district located in the U.S. state of Arizona, covering northeastern Maricopa County. Before 2023, geographically, it was the eleventh-largest congressional district in the country and included much of the state outside the Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas. From 2013 through 2022, it also included the Navajo Nation, the Hopi reservation, and the Gila River Indian Community, with 25% of the population being Native American. At that time, the district had more Native Americans than any other congressional district in the United States.[4] In the 2022 elections, David Schweikert was elected in the redefined district. It was one of 18 districts that would have voted for Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election had they existed in their current configuration while being won or held by a Republican in 2022.
| Arizona's 1st congressional district | |
|---|---|
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 | |
| Representative | |
| Area | 1,426 sq mi (3,690 km2) |
| Distribution |
|
| Population (2023) | 804,256[1] |
| Median household income | $92,840[2] |
| Ethnicity |
|
| Cook PVI | R+2[3] |
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The new 1st district (as of 2023) includes northeast Phoenix, Scottsdale, Paradise Valley, Cave Creek, Carefree, and Fountain Hills. It is majority-white and is the wealthiest congressional district in Arizona.
History
editWhen Arizona was first divided into congressional districts as a result of the 1950 census, the 1st district comprised all of Maricopa County, home to Phoenix, while the rest of the state was in the 2nd district. In a mid-decade redistricting resulting from Wesberry v. Sanders in 1967, the 1st was cut back to eastern Phoenix and most of what became the East Valley.
Over the years, the 1st's share of Phoenix was gradually reduced due to the area's explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century. However, it remained based in the East Valley until Arizona picked up two seats in the 2000 U.S. census. The old 1st essentially became the 6th district, while a new 1st district was created to serve most of the state outside of Phoenix and Tucson.
After the 2012 redistricting, the Hopi reservation was drawn into the 1st district; it had previously been included within the 2nd district. Also included were some northern suburbs of Tucson that had been in the 8th, as well as a tiny section of Phoenix itself near the Gila River Indian Community. Meanwhile, heavily Republican Prescott, the old 1st's largest city, and much of surrounding Yavapai County were drawn into the new, heavily Republican 4th district. The district was now considered to be significantly more competitive for Democrats, who held the seat without interruption for a decade.
In the 2022 redistricting, this district essentially became the 2nd district, while the 1st was redrawn to cover most of the territory in the 6th district.[5] It now covers Northeastern Maricopa County, east of I-17 and north of Az-202 along the Salt River. It includes the northeastern suburbs of Phoenix, Scottsdale, Paradise Valley, Cave Creek, Carefree, Fountain Hills, Rio Verde, and the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation.[6][7] That district, in turn, had been the 4th district from 1973 to 2003, and then the 3rd district from 2003 to 2013.
2012–2021 areas covered
editFrom 2012 to 2021, the district covered the entirety of the following counties:
The district covered the majority of:
Small portions of the following counties were also covered:
2023–2031 areas covered
edit| # | County | Seat | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | Maricopa | Phoenix | 4,585,871 |
Cities of 10,000 people or more
edit- Phoenix – 1,624,569
- Mesa – 509,475
- Scottsdale – 241,361
- Fountain Hills – 23,820
- Paradise Valley – 12,658
2,500 – 10,000 people
edit- Cave Creek – 4,892
- Carefree – 3,690
Voting
edit| Election results from statewide races | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Office | Results |
| 1996 | President | Dole 46 – 45 – 7% |
| 2000 | President | Bush 51 – 44% |
| 2004 | President | Bush 54 – 46% |
| 2008 | President | McCain 54 – 44% |
| 2012 | President | Romney 50 – 48% |
| 2016 | President | Trump 48 – 47% |
| Senate | McCain 48.4 – 45.3% | |
| 2018 | Governor | Ducey 54.3 – 43.1% |
| Attorney General | Brnovich 51.7 – 48.3% | |
| Senate | Sinema 50.6 – 46.4% | |
| 2020 | President | Biden 50 – 48% |
| Senate (Spec.) | Kelly 52.1 – 47.9% | |
| 2022 | Governor | Hobbs 52 - 48% |
| Attorney General | Mayes 49.94 – 49.93% | |
| Senate | Kelly 52.5 - 45.9% | |
List of members representing the district
editArizona gained a second congressional seat after the 1940 census. It used a general ticket to elect its representatives until the 1948 elections, when candidates ran from each of the districts.
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Recent election results
edit2002
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi | 85,967 | 49.2% | ||
| Democratic | George Cordova | 79,730 | 45.6% | ||
| Libertarian | Edwin Porr | 8,990 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 6,237 | 3.6% | |||
| Total votes | 174,687 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2004
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 148,315 | 58.5% | ||
| Democratic | Paul Babbitt | 91,776 | 36.2% | ||
| Libertarian | John Crockett | 13,260 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 56,539 | 22.3% | |||
| Total votes | 253,351 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2006
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 105,646 | 53.2% | ||
| Democratic | Ellen Simon | 88,691 | 44.7% | ||
| Libertarian | David Schlosser | 4,205 | 2.1% | ||
| Majority | 16,955 | 8.5% | |||
| Total votes | 198,542 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2008
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 155,791 | 57.5% | ||
| Republican | Sydney Ann Hay | 109,924 | 40.5% | ||
| Independent | Brent Maupin | 4,124 | 1.5% | ||
| Libertarian | Thane Eichenauer | 1,316 | 0.5% | ||
| Majority | 45,867 | 16.9% | |||
| Total votes | 271,155 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
2010
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Paul Gosar | 112,816 | 49.7% | ||
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 99,233 | 43.7% | ||
| Libertarian | Nicole Patti | 14,869 | 6.6% | ||
| Majority | 13,583 | 6.0% | |||
| Total votes | 226,918 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican gain from Democratic | |||||
2012
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 122,774 | 48.8% | ||
| Republican | Jonathan Paton | 113,594 | 45.2% | ||
| Libertarian | Kim Allen | 15,227 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 9,180 | 3.7% | |||
| Total votes | 251,595 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
2014
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 97,391 | 52.6% | +3.8% | |
| Republican | Andy Tobin | 87,723 | 47.4% | +2.3% | |
| Majority | 9,568 | 5.2% | +1.6% | ||
| Total votes | 185,114 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2016
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran | 142,219 | 50.7% | ||
| Republican | Paul Babeu | 121,745 | 43.3% | ||
| Green | Ray Parrish | 16,746 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 20,474 | 7.4% | |||
| Total votes | 280,710 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2018
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 143,240 | 53.8% | ||
| Republican | Wendy Rogers | 122,784 | 46.2% | ||
| Majority | 20,456 | 7.6% | |||
| Total votes | 266,024 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2020
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 188,469 | 51.6% | −2.2 | |
| Republican | Tiffany Shedd | 176,709 | 48.4% | +2.2 | |
| Total votes | 365,178 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2022
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | David Schweikert (Incumbent) | 182,336 | 50.44% | ||
| Democratic | Jevin Hodge | 179,141 | 49.56% | ||
| Total votes | 361,477 | 100% | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
See also
edit
References
edit- General
- ^ Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
- ^ Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
- ^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
- ^ "Can Navajo Nation help rescue endangered Dem Congresswoman?". ABC News. October 8, 2010.
- ^ Estrada, Melissa (February 2, 2022). "Here are the candidates running in Arizona's new 1st Congressional District". Arizona Republic. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022.
- ^ Arizona Congressional Districts: Approved Official Map Congressional District: 1 (Map). January 18, 2022. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022.
- ^ "Who's who in Arizona's 2022 US Congressional races". 12 News (KPNX-TV). June 8, 2022. Archived from the original on June 9, 2022.
- ^ Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, 1789–1983. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
- ^ Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789–1989. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
- ^ Congressional Directory: Browse 105th Congress Archived February 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "State of Arizona Official Canvass: 2022 General Election - Nov 08, 2022" (PDF). Arizona Secretary of State. December 5, 2022.
- Specific
- Demographic data from census.gov
- 1998 election data from CNN.com
- 2000 election data from CNN.com
- 2002 Election Data from CBSNews
- 2004 Election Data from CNN.com
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
External links
edit- Rose Institute of State and Local Government, "Arizona: 2010 Redistricting Changes: First District", Redistricting by State, Claremont, CA: Claremont McKenna College, archived from the original on September 15, 2020
- Map of Congressional Districts first in effect for the 2002 election
- Final Congressional Map for the 2012 election
- Official Congressional Map for the 2022 election
