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- Mars's atmosphere is predominantly composed of CO2 (around 95%) with seasonal air pressure change that facilitates the vaporization and condensation of carbon dioxide. The CO2 cycle on the planet Mars has facilitated the formation of CO2 ice clouds at various locations and seasons on the red planet. Due to low temperatures, especially at Mars's polar caps, carbon dioxide gas can freeze in Mars’s atmosphere to form ice crystallized clouds. Several missions, such as the Viking, Mars Global Surveyor, and Mars Express, have led to interesting observations and measurements regarding CO2 ice clouds. MOLA data in addition to TES spectra have documented ice clouds forming during the winter season of Mars’s northern and southern polar caps. In addition, the Curiosity rover has imaged clouds well above 60 kilometers in the sky at the planet’s equator during the coldest time of Mars’s orbital year (when Mars is furthest away from the Sun due to its elliptical orbit), indicating the possibility of CO2 ice clouds around the planet’s equator. Although further data collection is needed to confirm the formation of CO2 ice clouds on Mars, especially at the planet’s equator, previous measurements have developed a strong argument for frozen carbon dioxide clouds on Mars. (en)
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- Mars's atmosphere is predominantly composed of CO2 (around 95%) with seasonal air pressure change that facilitates the vaporization and condensation of carbon dioxide. The CO2 cycle on the planet Mars has facilitated the formation of CO2 ice clouds at various locations and seasons on the red planet. Due to low temperatures, especially at Mars's polar caps, carbon dioxide gas can freeze in Mars’s atmosphere to form ice crystallized clouds. Several missions, such as the Viking, Mars Global Surveyor, and Mars Express, have led to interesting observations and measurements regarding CO2 ice clouds. MOLA data in addition to TES spectra have documented ice clouds forming during the winter season of Mars’s northern and southern polar caps. In addition, the Curiosity rover has imaged clouds well ab (en)
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- Mars carbon dioxide ice cloud (en)
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