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Link to original content: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chronotype
About: Chronotype

About: Chronotype

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A chronotype is the behavioral manifestation of underlying circadian rhythm's myriad of physical processes. A person's chronotype is the propensity for the individual to sleep at a particular time during a 24-hour period. Eveningness (delayed sleep period; most active and alert in the evening) and morningness (advanced sleep period; most active and alert in the morning) are the two extremes with most individuals having some flexibility in the timing of their sleep period. However, across development there are changes in the propensity of the sleep period with pre-pubescent children preferring an advanced sleep period, adolescents preferring a delayed sleep period and many elderly preferring an advanced sleep period.

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dbo:abstract
  • Als Chronotypen werden in der Chronobiologie die Kategorien von Menschen bezeichnet, die aufgrund der inneren biologischen Uhr (Tag/Nacht) physische Merkmale wie z. B. Hormonspiegel, Körpertemperatur, Schlaf- und Wachphasen, Leistungsvermögen zu unterschiedlichen Tageszeiten in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung besitzen. (de)
  • A chronotype is the behavioral manifestation of underlying circadian rhythm's myriad of physical processes. A person's chronotype is the propensity for the individual to sleep at a particular time during a 24-hour period. Eveningness (delayed sleep period; most active and alert in the evening) and morningness (advanced sleep period; most active and alert in the morning) are the two extremes with most individuals having some flexibility in the timing of their sleep period. However, across development there are changes in the propensity of the sleep period with pre-pubescent children preferring an advanced sleep period, adolescents preferring a delayed sleep period and many elderly preferring an advanced sleep period. The causes and regulation of chronotypes, including developmental change, individual propensity for a specific chronotype, and flexible versus fixed chronotypes have yet to be determined. However, research is beginning to shed light on these questions, such as the relationship between age and chronotype. There are candidate genes (called CLOCK genes) that exist in most cells in the body and brain, referred to as the circadian system that regulate physiological phenomena (hormone levels, metabolic function, body temperature, cognitive faculties, and sleeping). With the exception of the most extreme and rigid chronotypes, regulation is likely due to gene-environment interactions. Important environmental cues (zeitgebers) include light, feeding, social behavior, and work and school schedules. Additional research has proposed an evolutionary link between chronotype and nighttime vigilance in ancestral societies. Humans are normally diurnal creatures, that is to say they are active in the daytime. As with most other diurnal animals, human activity-rest patterns are endogenously controlled by biological clocks with a circadian (~24-hour) period. Chronotypes have also been investigated in other species, such as fruit flies and mice. Normal variation in chronotype encompasses sleep–wake cycles that are two to three hours later in evening types than morning types. Extremes outside of this range can cause a person difficulty in participating in normal work, school, and social activities. If a person's "lark" or (more commonly) "owl" tendencies are strong and intractable to the point of disallowing normal participation in society, the person is considered to have a circadian rhythm sleep disorder. (en)
  • Por cronotipo se entienden las distintas variantes que, en diferentes individuos, pueden adoptar los ritmos circadianos endógenos. Un ritmo circadiano se refiere a un ciclo fisiológico subyacente de 24 horas que se produce en la mayoría de los organismos vivos. En los seres humanos, hay patrones cíclicos diarios claros en la temperatura corporal central, hormonales y la mayoría de los otros sistemas biológicos. Estos ciclos son importantes para muchos procesos moleculares y conductuales. En particular, los ritmos circadianos son importantes en la regulación de los patrones de sueño.​​ Cada individuo tiene un ritmo circadiano endógeno, pero la sincronización de estos ritmos varía a través de individuos. Estas variaciones son lo que se conoce como cronotipo, y son consecuencias conductuales de estos ciclos subyacentes. Existen dos cronotipos establecidos: * Búhos o personas de noche * Alondras o personas de día La mayoría de la población se encuentra en algún punto intermedio entre ambos cronotipos.​ El cronotipo puede ser fácilmente determinado mediante un cuestionario, y es realmente útil para el estudio de los ritmos circadianos.​​ (es)
  • Le chronotype est une manifestation du rythme circadien qui définit la préférence d’une personne pour des activités plus matinales ou plus vespérales (du soir), notamment l’heure de coucher et de lever. Ainsi, certains individus ont tendance à se lever plus tôt, avoir plus d’énergie et de concentration pour des activités matinales, alors que d’autres préfèrent décaler leur réveil et prévoir leurs activités importantes davantage vers la fin de la journée. (fr)
  • Il Cronotipo è una caratteristica degli esseri umani che indica se sono e desiderano essere maggiormente attivi in un particolare periodo della giornata. Spesso ci si riferisce a persone "allodole", che si alzano alla mattina presto e sono maggiormente attive nella prima parte del giorno e persone "gufo" che sono maggiormente attive durante la sera e preferiscono andare a letto tardi. Si fa riferimento al cronotipo anche come tipo circadiano, preferenza diurna o variazione diurna. Gli esseri umani sono generalmente animali diurni, attivi durante il giorno. Come la maggior parte degli animali diurni, gli schemi di attività sono controllati in modo endogeno dai ritmi circadiani. Nei cronotipi, la variazione normale dei cicli sonno/veglia varia da circa 2 ora prima a 2 ore dopo rispetto alla media. Le persone che eccedono rispetto a queste variazioni possono avere difficoltà nel lavoro, nella scuola e nelle attività sociali. Se una persona ha forti tendenze "allodola" o "gufo", tali da non permettere una partecipazione normale nella società, allora viene considerata affetta da un disturbo del ritmo circadiano del sonno. (it)
  • Хронотип (от др.-греч. χρόνος «время») — индивидуальные особенности суточных ритмов организма человека и других животных. Хронотип человека определяет организацию физиологических функций организма и его способность к адаптации, может использоваться как универсальный критерий общего функционального состояния организма. Обычно выделяют три основных хронотипа человека: ранний (утренний, «жаворонки»), промежуточный (нормальный, «голуби») и поздний (вечерний, «совы»). Однако в исследовательских целях применяют более детальную градацию — до семи хронотипов. (ru)
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  • Als Chronotypen werden in der Chronobiologie die Kategorien von Menschen bezeichnet, die aufgrund der inneren biologischen Uhr (Tag/Nacht) physische Merkmale wie z. B. Hormonspiegel, Körpertemperatur, Schlaf- und Wachphasen, Leistungsvermögen zu unterschiedlichen Tageszeiten in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung besitzen. (de)
  • Le chronotype est une manifestation du rythme circadien qui définit la préférence d’une personne pour des activités plus matinales ou plus vespérales (du soir), notamment l’heure de coucher et de lever. Ainsi, certains individus ont tendance à se lever plus tôt, avoir plus d’énergie et de concentration pour des activités matinales, alors que d’autres préfèrent décaler leur réveil et prévoir leurs activités importantes davantage vers la fin de la journée. (fr)
  • Хронотип (от др.-греч. χρόνος «время») — индивидуальные особенности суточных ритмов организма человека и других животных. Хронотип человека определяет организацию физиологических функций организма и его способность к адаптации, может использоваться как универсальный критерий общего функционального состояния организма. Обычно выделяют три основных хронотипа человека: ранний (утренний, «жаворонки»), промежуточный (нормальный, «голуби») и поздний (вечерний, «совы»). Однако в исследовательских целях применяют более детальную градацию — до семи хронотипов. (ru)
  • A chronotype is the behavioral manifestation of underlying circadian rhythm's myriad of physical processes. A person's chronotype is the propensity for the individual to sleep at a particular time during a 24-hour period. Eveningness (delayed sleep period; most active and alert in the evening) and morningness (advanced sleep period; most active and alert in the morning) are the two extremes with most individuals having some flexibility in the timing of their sleep period. However, across development there are changes in the propensity of the sleep period with pre-pubescent children preferring an advanced sleep period, adolescents preferring a delayed sleep period and many elderly preferring an advanced sleep period. (en)
  • Por cronotipo se entienden las distintas variantes que, en diferentes individuos, pueden adoptar los ritmos circadianos endógenos. Un ritmo circadiano se refiere a un ciclo fisiológico subyacente de 24 horas que se produce en la mayoría de los organismos vivos. En los seres humanos, hay patrones cíclicos diarios claros en la temperatura corporal central, hormonales y la mayoría de los otros sistemas biológicos. Estos ciclos son importantes para muchos procesos moleculares y conductuales. En particular, los ritmos circadianos son importantes en la regulación de los patrones de sueño.​​ (es)
  • Il Cronotipo è una caratteristica degli esseri umani che indica se sono e desiderano essere maggiormente attivi in un particolare periodo della giornata. Spesso ci si riferisce a persone "allodole", che si alzano alla mattina presto e sono maggiormente attive nella prima parte del giorno e persone "gufo" che sono maggiormente attive durante la sera e preferiscono andare a letto tardi. Si fa riferimento al cronotipo anche come tipo circadiano, preferenza diurna o variazione diurna. (it)
rdfs:label
  • Chronotyp (de)
  • Cronotipo (es)
  • Chronotype (en)
  • Chronotype (fr)
  • Cronotipo (it)
  • Хронотип (ru)
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