@prefix dbo: .
@prefix dbr: .
dbr:Columbia_Law_School dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Vanderbilt_University_Law_School dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Matrix_Chambers dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Michel_Temer dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Islam_and_democracy dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Johan_Valckenaer dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Pieter_Paulus dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Ethics_in_America dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Eugene_Kontorovich dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:David_Kairys dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Police_reform_in_the_United_States dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Enid_Campbell dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Nathan_Sales dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Ivy_Club dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Constitution_of_Uruguay dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Ricardo_Gil_Lavedra dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Alexander_Muchnik dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Pieter_Kooijmans dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Moral_Constitution dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:academicDiscipline dbr:Constitutional_law .
@prefix dbp: .
dbp:fields dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Linda_Greene dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Ruthann_Robson dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:King-in-Council dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Governor_General_of_Canada dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Right_to_privacy dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Constitution_of_Belgium dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Ponsonby_Rule dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Divine_right_of_kings dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
@prefix rdfs: .
dbr:European_Union_law rdfs:seeAlso dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Parliamentary_sovereignty dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Hermann_Ehlers dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Robert_von_Mohl dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Judiciary_of_Germany dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:University_of_Oslo_Faculty_of_Law dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Marguerite_Frick-Cramer dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Guttenberg_plagiarism_scandal dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Mario_de_la_Cueva dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Naseef_Naeem dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Erwin_Chemerinsky dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:academicDiscipline dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Verbotsgesetz_1947 dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:List_of_people_under_surveillance_by_Anglospheric_intelligence_agencies dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Criminal_jurisdiction dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Alaska_Supreme_Court dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Goodwin_Liu dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Paul_Brest dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Education_in_Puerto_Rico dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:List_of_national_constitutions dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Gene_Methvin dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Paul_Nitze dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Duke_University_School_of_Law dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:National_Law_School_of_India_University dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Zechariah_Chafee dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbp:mainInterests dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:mainInterest dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Defense_Distributed dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Paolo_Maddalena dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:academicDiscipline dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbp:fields dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Green_Party_of_Iraq dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Mansoor_Ali_Shah dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Revolutionary_breach_of_legal_continuity dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Article_10_of_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:History_of_legal_education_in_Serbia dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Subhan_Aliyev dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Sonia_Burgess dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Nancy_Kassop dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Zhang_Qianfan dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:era dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbp:era dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Lech_Garlicki dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Eivind_Smith dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Patrick_Garry dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:academicDiscipline dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbp:field dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Constantijn_Kortmann dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Hu_Jinguang dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:John_George_Phillimore dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
@prefix foaf: .
@prefix wikipedia-en: .
wikipedia-en:Constitutional_law foaf:primaryTopic dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Constitution_of_the_United_States dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law ;
dbp:system dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbr:Henrician_Articles dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Constitutional_law .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix yago: .
dbr:Constitutional_law rdf:type yago:Writing106362953 ,
dbo:Organisation .
@prefix owl: .
dbr:Constitutional_law rdf:type owl:Thing ,
yago:LegalDocument106479665 ,
yago:Document106470073 ,
yago:Communication100033020 ,
yago:FundamentalLaw106533648 ,
yago:Law106532330 ,
yago:WikicatConstitutions ,
dbo:PersonFunction ,
yago:WrittenCommunication106349220 ,
yago:Abstraction100002137 ;
rdfs:label "Staatsrecht"@nl ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E"@uk ,
"Direito constitucional"@pt ,
"Constitucionalismo"@es ,
"Dret constitucional"@ca ,
"Constitucionalismo"@pt ,
"Statsr\u00E4tt"@sv ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E"@ru ,
"Konstitutionalism"@sv ,
"Hukum tata negara"@in ,
"\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629"@ar ,
"\u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u0394\u03AF\u03BA\u03B1\u03B9\u03BF (\u0395\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1)"@el ,
"Constitutional law"@en ,
"Konstitucionalismus"@cs ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C"@ru ,
"Konstytucjonalizm (polityka)"@pl ,
"Constitucionalisme"@ca ,
"Prawo konstytucyjne"@pl ,
"Verfassungsrecht"@de ,
"Costituzionalismo"@it ,
"\u5BAA\u653F\u4E3B\u4E49"@zh ,
"Droit constitutionnel"@fr ,
"\u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo"@cs ,
"\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9"@ja ,
"Constitutionalisme"@nl ,
"Konstitutionalismus"@de ,
"\uC785\uD5CC\uC8FC\uC758"@ko ,
"\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B"@zh ,
"Diritto costituzionale"@it ,
"Konstitusionalisme"@in ,
"Constitutionnalisme"@fr ,
"Derecho constitucional"@es ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C"@uk ,
"\u61B2\u6CD5"@ja ,
"Konstitucia juro"@eo ,
"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A"@ar ;
rdfs:comment "\uC785\uD5CC\uC8FC\uC758(\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9, \uC601\uC5B4: Constitutionalism, \uBB38\uD654\uC5B4: \uB9BD\uD5CC\uC8FC\uC758)\uB294 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uC758 \uAE30\uBCF8\uC801 \uC778\uAD8C\uC744 \uBCF4\uC7A5\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD558\uC5EC \uD1B5\uCE58 \uBC0F \uACF5\uB3D9\uCCB4\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uD65C\uC774 \uD5CC\uBC95\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uC601\uC704\uB418\uC5B4\uC57C \uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uC6D0\uB9AC\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko ,
"Konstitutionalism som begrepp innefattar flera id\u00E9er och inneb\u00F6rder men kan generellt sett beskrivas som ett system f\u00F6r att begr\u00E4nsa statsmaktens makt med en skriven konstitution. Fast\u00E4n konstitutionellt styre n\u00E4mns av Aristoteles i Politiken, brukar John Locke framh\u00E5llas som dess fr\u00E4msta uttolkare. Begreppet konstitutionalism \u00E4r dubbelsidigt. Konstitutionalism innefattar b\u00E5de bemyndigandet och begr\u00E4nsandet av makten, b\u00E5de beviljar maktbefogenhet och specificerar dess omfattning och syfte. Konstitutionalismen anses fr\u00E4mja r\u00E4ttsstatens principer, f\u00F6ruts\u00E4gbarhetsprincipen, och f\u00F6rhindra godtycklig r\u00E4ttsskipning. Enligt konstitutionalism kan lagar och domar i l\u00E4nder med common law f\u00F6rklaras ogiltiga eftersom de strider emot konstitutionen om det sker i enlighet med , vanligen av en f\u00F6rfattnin"@sv ,
"Konstytucjonalizm \u2013 historycznie: kierunek uznaj\u0105cy za najlepsz\u0105 form\u0119 rz\u0105d\u00F3w w\u0142adz\u0119 monarchy ograniczon\u0105 przez konstytucj\u0119, jego pocz\u0105tki si\u0119gaj\u0105 XVIII wieku i \u00F3wczesnych teorii podzia\u0142u w\u0142adzy. Konstytucjonalizm stanowi\u0142 punkt wyj\u015Bcia do wprowadzenia ustroju monarchii konstytucyjnej. W\u0142adza monarchy zosta\u0142a ograniczona przez parlament (ustawodawcza), ministr\u00F3w odpowiedzialnych przed parlamentem (wykonawcza) oraz niezawis\u0142ych s\u0119dzi\u00F3w (s\u0105downicza). Po raz pierwszy ustr\u00F3j taki zaprowadzono w 1689 roku w Anglii."@pl ,
"Il diritto costituzionale (in inglese: constitutional law) \u00E8 la branca del diritto pubblico che si occupa, inizialmente, dell'evoluzione e dell'organizzazione dello Stato e dei rapporti tra autorit\u00E0 pubblica e individuo. Da un punto di vista formale-positivista, invece, appartiene alla branca del diritto costituzionale tutto ci\u00F2 che \u00E8 oggetto di disciplina da parte della Costituzione, delle leggi costituzionali e degli altri atti normativi e giurisprudenziali che vi diano diretta attuazione."@it ,
"\u5BAA\u653F\u4E3B\u4E49\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AConstitutionalism\uFF09\uFF0C\u53C8\u79F0\u7ACB\u5BAA\u4E3B\u4E49\u3001\u5BAA\u6CD5\u4E3B\u4E49\u3001\u5BAA\u653F\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u4E3B\u5F20\u56FD\u5BB6\u6743\u529B\u6765\u81EA\u4E00\u90E8\u57FA\u672C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u4E26\u53D7\u5176\u7EA6\u675F\u7684\u653F\u6CBB\u601D\u60F3\u3001\u89C4\u5B9A\u516C\u6C11\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5B66\u8BF4\u6216\u7406\u5FF5\uFF0C\u4E5F\u662F\u76EE\u524D\u90E8\u5206\u6C11\u4E3B\u56FD\u5BB6\u7684\u73B0\u72B6\u3002\u9019\u7A2E\u7406\u5FF5\u8981\u6C42\u653F\u5E9C\u6240\u6709\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u884C\u4F7F\u90FD\u7D0D\u5165\u61B2\u6CD5\u7684\u8ECC\u9053\uFF0C\u4E26\u53D7\u61B2\u6CD5\u7684\u5236\u7D04\uFF0C\u4F7F\u653F\u6CBB\u904B\u4F5C\u9032\u5165\u6CD5\u5F8B\u5316\u7406\u60F3\u72C0\u614B\u3002\u5BAA\u653F\u4E3B\u4E49\u5F3A\u8C03\u6CD5\u6CBB\u7684\u5FC5\u8981\u6027\uFF0C\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5305\u62EC\u653F\u5E9C\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4E00\u5207\u793E\u4F1A\u673A\u6784\u548C\u4E2A\u4EBA\u90FD\u4E0D\u80FD\u51CC\u9A7E\u4E8E\u5BAA\u6CD5\u548C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u4E4B\u4E0A\u3002 \u61B2\u653F\u662F\u4EE3\u8BAE\u5236\u6C11\u4E3B\u7684\u57FA\u790E\u548C\u4FDD\u969C\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u4E5F\u662F\u5C0D\u6C11\u4E3B\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u5236\u8861\uFF0C\u867D\u7136\u4F20\u7EDF\u4E0A\u5BAA\u653F\u672C\u8EAB\u5E76\u4E0D\u76F4\u63A5\u6D89\u53CA\u5230\u653F\u5E9C\u662F\u5426\u901A\u8FC7\u6C11\u4E3B\u9009\u4E3E\u4EA7\u751F\uFF0C\u4F46\u73B0\u4EE3\u5BAA\u653F\u7406\u8BBA\u5F80\u5F80\u4E0E\u6C11\u4E3B\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u5BC6\u4E0D\u53EF\u5206\u3002\u5728\u5BAA\u653F\u56FD\u5BB6\u91CC\uFF0C\u653F\u5E9C\u548C\u516C\u6C11\u7684\u884C\u4E3A\u90FD\u662F\u6709\u8FB9\u754C\u7684\uFF0C\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E92\u76F8\u50ED\u8D8A\uFF0C\u653F\u5E9C\u6240\u4EE3\u8868\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u4E16\u754C\u662F\u516C\u90E8\u9580\uFF0C\u76F8\u5C0D\u4F86\u8AAA\u516C\u6C11\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u4E16\u754C\u7A31\u4F5C\u516C\u6C11\u793E\u6703\u3002\u5176\u4E2D\uFF0C\u61B2\u653F\u7684\u6839\u672C\u4F5C\u7528\u5728\u65BC\u9632\u6B62\u653F\u5E9C\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u6C11\u4E3B\u653F\u5E9C\uFF09\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u6FEB\u7528\uFF08\u5373\u6709\u9650\u653F\u5E9C\uFF09\uFF0C\u540C\u65F6\u7DAD\u8B77\u516C\u6C11\u666E\u904D\u7684\u81EA\u7531\u548C\u6B0A\u5229\u3002 \u4E16\u754C\u8303\u56F4\u5185\uFF0C\u5BAA\u653F\u4F53\u5236\u65BD\u884C\u8F83\u4E3A\u6210\u529F\u7684\u4F8B\u5B50\u5305\u62EC\u7F8E\u56FD\u7684\u4E09\u6743\u5206\u7ACB\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u5236\u4EE5\u53CA\u82F1\u56FD\u7684\u541B\u4E3B\u7ACB\u5BAA\u5236\u30021980\u5E74\u4EE3\uFF0C\u848B\u7ECF\u56FD\u7B49\u4EBA\u9886\u5BFC\u7684\u4F7F\u5F97\u4E2D\u83EF\u6C11\u570B\u4E94\u6B0A\u5206\u7ACB\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u5236\u5728\u53F0\u6E7E\u5730\u533A\u5F97\u4EE5\u6210\u529F\u786E\u7ACB\uFF0C\u800C\u540C\u4E00\u65F6\u671F\u65F6\u4EFB\u4E2D\u534E\u4EBA\u6C11\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u6700\u9AD8\u9886\u5BFC\u4EBA\u7684\u9093\u5C0F\u5E73\u7B49\u4EBA\u5728\u4E2D\u56FD\u5927\u9646\u63A8\u52A8\u7684\u653F\u6CBB\u4F53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u5728\u521D\u671F\u6210\u529F\u786E\u7ACB\u300A\u516B\u4E8C\u5BAA\u6CD5\u300B\u540E\uFF0C\u540E\u671F\u6539\u9769\u6700\u7EC8\u56E0\u4E3A\u516D\u56DB\u4E8B\u4EF6\u7684\u7206\u53D1\u800C\u5931\u8D25\u3002"@zh ,
"Le constitutionnalisme est une th\u00E9orie du droit qui insiste sur le r\u00F4le et la fonction de la Constitution dans la hi\u00E9rarchie des normes par rapport \u00E0 la loi, ainsi que sur le contr\u00F4le de constitutionnalit\u00E9 des lois. On l'oppose parfois au l\u00E9gicentrisme, qui d\u00E9fend la supr\u00E9matie de la loi, \u00E9manation de la souverainet\u00E9 populaire. En droit international, le constitutionnalisme est une conception qui tend \u00E0 s'opposer au pluralisme juridique."@fr ,
"Konstitusionalisme adalah suatu konsep atau gagasan yang berpendapat bahwa kekuasaan pemerintah perlu dibatasi, agar penyelenggaraan negara tidak sewenang-wenang atau otoriter. Ide konstitusionalisme ini kemudian diadopsi oleh para Founding Fathers Amerika Serikat sebagai dasar mereka merumuskan dasar negara yang demokratis. Salah satu peletak ide ini adalah John Locke, dengan konsep Trias politica."@in ,
"\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0647\u064A \u00AB\u062E\u0644\u064A\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0648\u0636\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062A\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u064F\u062D\u062F\u064E\u0651\u062F \u0628\u0647\u0627\u00BB. \u062A\u064F\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062F\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u00AB\u062A\u062D\u062A\u0648\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062D\u0645\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062D \u0648\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0629\u00BB. \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062D\u062B \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u062F\u064A\u0641\u064A\u062F \u0641\u064A\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646:"@ar ,
"El Dret Constitucional \u00E9s una branca del Dret P\u00FAblic el camp d'estudi de la qual inclou l'an\u00E0lisi de les lleis fonamentals que defineixen un estat. Entre els principis doctrinals del dret constitucional hi ha la divisi\u00F3 de poders (poder legislatiu, poder executiu i poder judicial). \u00C9s mat\u00E8ria d'estudi del Dret Constitucional tot el que t\u00E9 a veure amb la forma d'estat, la forma de govern, els drets fonamentals i la regulaci\u00F3 dels poders p\u00FAblics, incloent-hi tant les relacions entre els poders p\u00FAblics com les relacions entre els poders p\u00FAblics i els ciutadans."@ca ,
"\u61B2\u6CD5\uFF08\u3051\u3093\u307D\u3046\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: constitutional law\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u7D71\u6CBB\u6A29\u3084\u7D71\u6CBB\u4F5C\u7528\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u6839\u672C\u7684\u306A\u539F\u5247\u3092\u5B9A\u3081\u308B\u57FA\u790E\u6CD5\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u81EA\u5DF1\u6C7A\u5B9A\u6A29\u306E\u6839\u62E0\u3068\u306A\u308B\u6CD5\u4F53\u7CFB\u3002 \u3042\u308B\u56FD\u304C\u4EBA\u6C11\u3084\u5916\u56FD\u653F\u5E9C\u7B49\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u6A29\u9650\u3092\u884C\u4F7F\u3059\u308B\u5834\u5408\u306E\u57FA\u672C\u539F\u5247\u3092\u793A\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306E\u539F\u5247\u304C\u56FD\u6C11\u306E\u798F\u7949\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306E\u8AB2\u7A0E\u3084\u6B73\u51FA\u306E\u6A29\u9650\u306A\u3069\u3092\u653F\u5E9C\u306B\u4ED8\u4E0E\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u61B2\u6CD5\u306F\u5341\u5206\u306A\u7406\u7531\u306E\u306A\u3044\u902E\u6355\u306E\u7981\u6B62\u3084\u975E\u516C\u958B\u88C1\u5224\u306E\u7981\u6B62\u306A\u3069\u306E\u56FD\u5BB6\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308B\u6A5F\u80FD\u3082\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u61B2\u6CD5\u3092\u6210\u6587\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u56FD\u6C11\u56FD\u5BB6\u3067\u3082\u3001\u56FD\u6C11\u306E\u30B3\u30F3\u30BB\u30F3\u30B5\u30B9\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u5F37\u5236\u529B\u306E\u3042\u308B\u898F\u5247\u3067\u69CB\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\uFF08ius commune\uFF09\u3084\u571F\u5730\u306E\u6CD5\u5F8B\u306A\u3069\u306E\u6163\u7FD2\u6CD5\uFF08customary law\uFF09\u3001\u98A8\u7FD2\uFF08conventions\uFF09\u3001\u6210\u6587\u6CD5\u3001\u5224\u4F8B\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u56FD\u969B\u898F\u5247\u3084\u56FD\u969B\u898F\u7BC4\u304C\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308B\u3002 1215\u5E74\u306B\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3067\u5236\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u300C\u30DE\u30B0\u30CA\u30FB\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u300D\u304C\u6E90\u6D41\u3067\u30011789\u5E74\u306E\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u3067\u5236\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u300C\u4EBA\u9593\u3068\u5E02\u6C11\u306E\u6A29\u5229\u306E\u5BA3\u8A00\u300D\u3067\u306F\u4EBA\u6A29\u3068\u56FD\u6C11\u4E3B\u6A29\u304C\u5BA3\u8A00\u3055\u308C\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u72EC\u7ACB\u6226\u4E89\u4EE5\u964D\u3001\u56FD\u6C11\u304C\u61B2\u6CD5\u3067\u56FD\u5BB6\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u7D71\u4E00\u4F53\u306E\u69CB\u9020\u3084\u7D44\u7E54\u305D\u306E\u3082\u306E\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308A\uFF08\u4E8B\u5B9F\u7684\u610F\u5473\u306E\u61B2\u6CD5\uFF09\u3001\u3053\u306E\u307B\u304B\u61B2\u6CD5\u306F\u591A\u7FA9\u7684\u306A\u6982\u5FF5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8AD6\u3058\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
"Prawo konstytucyjne (tak\u017Ce: \u201Eprawo polityczne\u201D z fr. droit politique; \u201Eprawo pa\u0144stwowe\u201D z niem. Staatsrecht) \u2013 zesp\u00F3\u0142 norm prawnych reguluj\u0105cych ustr\u00F3j polityczny, spo\u0142eczny i gospodarczy pa\u0144stwa albo zesp\u00F3\u0142 norm zawartych w konstytucji (\u201Eprawo konstytucji\u201D)."@pl ,
"Konstitucionalismus neboli \u00FAstavnost ozna\u010Duje bezv\u00FDjime\u010Dnou vl\u00E1du \u00FAstavy, resp. vl\u00E1du lidu prost\u0159ednictv\u00EDm demokratick\u00E9 \u00FAstavy, kter\u00E1 odd\u011Bluje st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci a chr\u00E1n\u00ED lidsk\u00E1 pr\u00E1va. Projevuje se tak\u00E9 v tom, \u017Ee v\u0161echny z\u00E1kony a podz\u00E1konn\u00E9 p\u0159edpisy mus\u00ED b\u00FDt v souladu s \u00FAstavou (\u00FAstavn\u00EDm po\u0159\u00E1dkem), zachov\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED \u00FAstavnosti kontroluje \u00FAstavn\u00ED soudnictv\u00ED."@cs ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u0301\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043B\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430."@ru ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0301\u0439\u043D\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u0433\u0430\u043B\u0443\u0437\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043E\u0431\u043E\u044E \u0441\u0443\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043F\u043B\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0438, \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044E, \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043E\u043A \u0434\u0456\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438, \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432."@uk ,
"Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments."@en ,
"Als Verfassungsrecht wird in der allgemeinen Staatslehre, Politikwissenschaft und Verfassungsvergleichung die Lehre von den rechtlichen Grundlagen eines Staates beziehungsweise von Staaten untereinander bezeichnet. Hierzu z\u00E4hlt vor allem die Lehre von der Organisation des Staates. Regelm\u00E4\u00DFig sind die verfassungsrechtlichen Grundlagen in einer Verfassungsurkunde (Verfassung im formellen Sinne) niedergelegt; als Staat ohne geschriebene Verfassung, d. h. lediglich mit einer Verfassung im materiellen Sinn, ist das Vereinigte K\u00F6nigreich zu nennen. Vornehmlich in den L\u00E4ndern des deutschen Rechtskreises wird zwischen Staatsrecht im Allgemeinen und Verfassungsrecht im Besonderen unterschieden (siehe die Abgrenzung von Staatsrecht und Verfassungsrecht)."@de ,
"La konstitucia juro estas la aro de la reguloj, kiuj organizas la funkciadon de la \u015Dtato kaj de la publikaj povoj. \u011Cia precipa fonto estas konstitucio."@eo ,
"Konstitutionalismus ist ein Begriff aus der Verfassungsgeschichte und beschreibt eine bestimmte Staatsform, in der eine Verfassung eine bestimmte Rolle spielt. Je nach Land und Sprache kann damit im Einzelnen etwas Unterschiedliches gemeint sein."@de ,
"\u03B1) \u039C\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9: \n* \u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5 (\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03B9\u03C7\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5): ordo ordinans = \u03C4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03A0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B8\u03B5\u03BC\u03B5\u03BB\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B7 \u03C4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7. \u039B\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03AF \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B7\u03BE\u03B9\u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03B3\u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BD\u03AD\u03BF\u03C5 \u039A\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AE\u03C1\u03C5\u03BE\u03B7 \u03B5\u03B8\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 (\u03C0.\u03C7. \u0391\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u0395\u03BB\u03BB\u03B7\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0395\u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7). \u03A3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03AF\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BD\u03AD\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C0\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C4\u03C3\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C1\u03AE\u03BE\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF. \n* \u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03B1\u03B8\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1( \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03B9\u03C7\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5): \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C3\u03BA\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7 (forza) \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C7\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 (potere) \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC ordo ordinans \u03C3\u03B5 ordo ordinatus = \u00AB\u03C4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7\u00BB. \u039B\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03AF \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03AE \u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039A\u03C1\u03AC"@el ,
"\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\uFF08\u308A\u3063\u3051\u3093\u3057\u3085\u304E\u3001\u82F1: constitutionalism\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5358\u306B\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u57FA\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7D71\u6CBB\u304C\u306A\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3079\u304D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u307F\u306A\u3089\u305A\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u6A29\u529B\u304C\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5B9F\u8CEA\u7684\u306B\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308C\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u306A\u3089\u306A\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653F\u6CBB\u7406\u5FF5\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306E\u8868\u73FE\u306F\u300C\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u7ACB\u811A\u3059\u308B\u300D\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610F\u5473\u5408\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u305D\u3053\u306B\u3044\u3046\u300C\u61B2\u6CD5\u300D\u306F\u6A29\u529B\u306E\u5236\u7D04\u3092\u4F34\u3046\u898F\u7BC4\u7684\u61B2\u6CD5\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u540D\u76EE\u7684\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u57FA\u3065\u304F\u7D71\u6CBB\u306F\u672C\u6765\u306E\u610F\u5473\u3067\u306E\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306B\u7D50\u3073\u3064\u304B\u306A\u3044\uFF08\u5916\u898B\u7684\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\uFF09\u3002 \u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3092\u524D\u63D0\u3068\u3057\u305F\u6C11\u4E3B\u5236\u3092\u7ACB\u61B2\u6C11\u4E3B\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3001\u3084\u306F\u308A\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3092\u524D\u63D0\u3068\u3057\u305F\u541B\u4E3B\u5236\u3092\u7ACB\u61B2\u541B\u4E3B\u5236\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3002"@ja ,
"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0646\u0628\u0646\u064A \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062A\u0646\u0638\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0631\u0647 \u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062A\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0645 \u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062A\u0648\u062C\u062F \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064A\u0627\u062A\u060C \u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u060C \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062B\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u064A \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0645\u064A\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647.\u0648 \u0642\u062F \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062D \u00AB\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u00BB \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1834 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064A\u062F \u0648\u0632\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0647\u062F \u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u00AB\u0644\u0648\u064A\u0633 \u0641\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0628 \u062C\u064A\u0633\u0648\u00BB \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u064A \u064A\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062F\u0641 \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0633 \u0623\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1930."@ar ,
"Il costituzionalismo riguarda la filosofia istituzionale, e rappresenta il principio secondo cui l'esercizio del potere politico va limitato da regole scritte che indirizzano e limitano lo sviluppo giuridico e fissano la forma istituzionale al fine di evitare l'arbitrio. In altre parole, si contrappone all'assolutismo e in generale all'arbitrio politico attraverso lo strumento di una Costituzione scritta."@it ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C (\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043B\u0430\u0442. constitutio - \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439) \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F: \n* \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0443, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043C\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456 \u0446\u0456\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0457, \u043E\u0431\u0491\u0440\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443, \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043A\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438, \u0457\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F \u0456 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \n* \u041C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E; \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438 \u0443\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u041F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438:"@uk ,
"Hukum tata negara adalah bentuk hukum yang mendefinisikan hubungan antara berbagai lembaga di dalam suatu negara, yaitu eksekutif, legislatif, dan yudikatif. Tidak semua negara bangsa memiliki konstitusi, walaupun semua negara semacam itu memiliki , atau hukum tanah air yang berisi sejumlah peraturan imperatif dan konsensus. Peraturan tersebut meliputi hukum adat, konvensi, , , atau peraturan dan norma internasional. Asas hukum adalah dasar-dasar yang menjadi sumber pandangan hidup, kesadaran, cita-cita hukum masyarakat."@in ,
"Statsr\u00E4tt \u00E4r sammanfattningen av de , som har till f\u00F6rem\u00E5l organisationen av ut\u00F6vandet av statens och statsmaktens f\u00F6rh\u00E5llande till de densamma underkastade individerna och samh\u00E4llena. Statsr\u00E4tten \u00E4r den gren av den offentliga r\u00E4tten, som best\u00E4mmer de statliga f\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena inom enhetsstater eller f\u00F6rbundsstater, under det att denna r\u00E4tts andra gren (folkr\u00E4tten) best\u00E4mmer r\u00E4ttsf\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena mellan suver\u00E4na stater. Under statsr\u00E4tten faller straffr\u00E4tt, processr\u00E4tt, f\u00F6rvaltningsr\u00E4tt, skatter\u00E4tt och statsr\u00E4tt i inskr\u00E4nkt mening eller f\u00F6rfattningsr\u00E4tt, vars huvudgrunder best\u00E4ms genom grundlag. Kyrkor\u00E4tt kan ing\u00E5 i alla dessa arter av statsr\u00E4tt."@sv ,
"Direito constitucional \u00E9 o ramo do direito p\u00FAblico interno dedicado \u00E0 an\u00E1lise e interpreta\u00E7\u00E3o das normas constitucionais. Na perspectiva contempor\u00E2nea, tais normas s\u00E3o compreendidas como o \u00E1pice da pir\u00E2mide normativa de uma ordem jur\u00EDdica, consideradas leis supremas de um Estado soberano e t\u00EAm por fun\u00E7\u00E3o regulamentar e delimitar o poder estatal, al\u00E9m de garantir os direitos considerados fundamentais. O direito constitucional aborda ainda: o conceito de constitui\u00E7\u00E3o; o poder constituinte; a an\u00E1lise e interpreta\u00E7\u00E3o das normas constitucionais; os princ\u00EDpios fundamentais; ou direitos humanos; a discuss\u00E3o sobre a nacionalidade; os direitos pol\u00EDticos e os partidos pol\u00EDticos; a organiza\u00E7\u00E3o do Estado; a ; os tr\u00EAs poderes; a ; o processo legislativo; a e a muta\u00E7\u00E3o constitucional; as ; as finan\u00E7as"@pt ,
"\u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je pr\u00E1vn\u00ED odv\u011Btv\u00ED ve\u0159ejn\u00E9ho pr\u00E1va vymezuj\u00EDc\u00EDho st\u00E1t a obsah st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci. \u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je tvo\u0159eno souhrnem pr\u00E1vn\u00EDch norem nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ED pr\u00E1vn\u00ED s\u00EDly ur\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00EDch formu st\u00E1tu a vl\u00E1dy, rozd\u011Blen\u00ED a v\u00FDkon st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci a z\u00E1kladn\u00ED pr\u00E1va a svobody. D\u0159\u00EDve bylo ozna\u010Dov\u00E1no jako st\u00E1tn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo a zahrnovalo i \u010D\u00E1st dne\u0161n\u00EDho pr\u00E1va spr\u00E1vn\u00EDho. \u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je soubor v\u0161ech pr\u00E1vn\u00EDch norem, kter\u00E9 upravuj\u00ED nejd\u016Fle\u017Eit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED vztahy ve st\u00E1t\u011B, a to: \n* uspo\u0159\u00E1d\u00E1n\u00ED st\u00E1tu \n* rozd\u011Blen\u00ED a v\u00FDkon st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci \n* z\u00E1kladn\u00ED pr\u00E1va a svobody ob\u010Dan\u016F"@cs ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0301\u0437\u043C (\u043E\u0442 \u043B\u0430\u0442. constitutio \u00AB\u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u00BB) \u0438\u043C\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F: \n* \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043C\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044F, \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F \u0438 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430; \n* \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439; \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430, \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u044E \u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0443\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F."@ru ,
"Constitucionalismo \u00E9 como se denomina o movimento social, pol\u00EDtico e jur\u00EDdico e at\u00E9 mesmo ideol\u00F3gico, a partir do qual emergem as constitui\u00E7\u00F5es nacionais. Em termos gen\u00E9ricos e supranacionais, constitui-se parte de normas fundamentais de um ordenamento jur\u00EDdico de um Estado, localizadas no topo da pir\u00E2mide normativa, ou seja, sua Constitui\u00E7\u00E3o. Seu estudo implica, deste modo, uma an\u00E1lise concomitante do que seja Constitui\u00E7\u00E3o com suas formas e objetivos. O constitucionalismo moderno, na magistral s\u00EDntese de Canotilho \"\u00E9 uma t\u00E9cnica espec\u00EDfica de limita\u00E7\u00E3o do poder com fins garantir limita\u00E7\u00E3o do poder do Estado\"."@pt ,
"Constitutionalisme is een politieke stroming en filosofie die stelt dat de heersende macht gebonden is zekere rechten van de onderdanen te respecteren. Volgens het moderne constitutionalisme moet de staatsvorm gebaseerd zijn op een grondwet. De neiging om politieke kwesties te zien in het licht van een constitutie wordt ook wel constitutionalisme genoemd, een term die vaak wordt gebruikt in de politiek van de Verenigde Staten."@nl ,
"Het staatsrecht, grondwettelijk recht of constitutioneel recht is het recht inzake de staat als organisatorisch verband. Het heeft betrekking op de organen van de staat, op de instelling ervan, hun bevoegdheden, hun verhouding tot elkaar en die tot de burgers. Het staatsrecht is een onderdeel van het publiekrecht."@nl ,
"El constitucionalisme \u00E9s una doctrina ideol\u00F2gica i pol\u00EDtica que defensa l'establiment d'un conjunt de normes b\u00E0siques per les quals s'ha de regir una societat. \u00C9s sempre el pacte de tots els membres representatius de la societat que constitueix el col\u00B7lectiu definit per aquest pacte i limita el dret, les accions i les autoritats de tots els agents de poder."@ca ,
"\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AConstitutional law\uFF09\u662F\u570B\u5BB6\u5B9A\u7FA9\u5176\u884C\u653F\u673A\u6784\u3001\u7ACB\u6CD5\u673A\u6784\u53CA\u53F8\u6CD5\u6A5F\u69CB\u4E4B\u9593\u95DC\u4FC2\u7684\u6CD5\u5F8B\uFF0C\u5176\u540D\u7A31\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u5BAA\u6CD5\u3001\u57FA\u672C\u6CD5\u6216\u662F\u5176\u4ED6\u7684\u540D\u7A31\u3002 \u4E0D\u662F\u6240\u6709\u6C11\u65CF\u570B\u5BB6\u90FD\u6709\u5BAA\u6CD5\uFF0C\u4E0D\u904E\u90FD\u6703\u6709\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u6703\u5305\u62EC\u5404\u7A2E\u547D\u4EE4\u6216\u662F\u5354\u5546\u5F8C\u5F62\u6210\u7684\u898F\u5247\u3002\u5176\u4E2D\u53EF\u80FD\u5305\u62EC\u7FD2\u6163\u6CD5\u3001\u98A8\u4FD7\u3001\u6210\u6587\u6CD5\u3001\u5224\u4F8B\u6CD5\u6216\u662F\u56FD\u9645\u6CD5\u7B49\u3002\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u8655\u7406\u653F\u5E9C\u884C\u4F7F\u5176\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u57FA\u672C\u539F\u5247\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5176\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6703\u5217\u51FA\u653F\u5E9C\u6240\u64C1\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6B8A\u6B0A\u529B\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u5411\u4EBA\u6C11\u5FB5\u7A05\u4EE5\u53CA\u7D66\u4E88\u4EBA\u6C11\u76F8\u95DC\u7684\u798F\u5229\u3002\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u6709\u6642\u4E5F\u6703\u9650\u5236\u653F\u5E9C\u7684\u6B0A\u529B\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u7981\u6B62\u5728\u7121\u9069\u7576\u7406\u7531\u7684\u60C5\u5F62\u4E0B\u62D8\u6355\u4EBA\u6C11\u3002\u5728\u5305\u62EC\u7F8E\u570B\u5728\u5167\u7684\u8A31\u591A\u570B\u5BB6\uFF0C\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u662F\u57FA\u65BC\u570B\u5BB6\u6210\u7ACB\u6642\u6240\u6838\u53EF\u7684\u6587\u4EF6\u3002\u6709\u4E9B\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u6703\u4EE5\u975E\u6210\u6587\u7684\u539F\u5247\uFF08\u5982\uFF09\u70BA\u57FA\u790E\uFF0C\u9019\u4E9B\u5728\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u4E2D\u6709\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5730\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6709\u4E9B\u61B2\u653F\u6163\u4F8B\u7684\u5167\u5BB9\u4E5F\u53EF\u80FD\u6709\u722D\u8B70\u3002"@zh ,
"El derecho constitucional es la rama del derecho p\u00FAblico cuyo principal objeto de estudio son las leyes fundamentales de un Estado y singularmente de su Constituci\u00F3n. Adem\u00E1s, esta tiene la posibilidad de verse desde el punto de vista tanto formal, como material. De esta manera, es materia de estudio todo lo relativo a la forma de Estado, forma de gobierno, derechos fundamentales y la regulaci\u00F3n de los poderes p\u00FAblicos, incluidas las relaciones entre los poderes p\u00FAblicos y ciudadanos.\u200B"@es ,
"Constitucionalismo es un concepto pol\u00EDtico que se ha definido como \u00ABun complejo de ideas, actitudes y pautas de comportamiento que establecen el principio de que la autoridad del gobierno deriva y est\u00E1 limitada por la parte principal de una ley suprema\u00BB.\u200BSu objetivo es arbitrar la autoridad y consagrar los derechos de los hombres y mujeres. En un r\u00E9gimen o sistema constitucionalista cualquier ley debe estar fundamentada en la constituci\u00F3n, por lo que todas las leyes quedan reguladas y supeditadas al articulado general de la constituci\u00F3n."@es ,
"Le droit constitutionnel est une branche du droit public qui rassemble les r\u00E8gles juridiques relatives \u00E0 la forme de l'\u00C9tat, \u00E0 la constitution du gouvernement et des pouvoirs publics et \u00E0 la participation des citoyens \u00E0 l'exercice de ces pouvoirs. Ce droit de la Constitution est sanctionn\u00E9 par un juge. Le droit constitutionnel rassemble les r\u00E8gles juridiques int\u00E9ressant les institutions, le syst\u00E8me de norme et de rapports entre normes, et les droits fondamentaux."@fr .
@prefix skos: .
dbr:Constitutional_law skos:exactMatch ;
foaf:depiction .
@prefix dcterms: .
@prefix dbc: .
dbr:Constitutional_law dcterms:subject dbc:Constitutional_law ;
dbo:abstract "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0301\u0439\u043D\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u0433\u0430\u043B\u0443\u0437\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043E\u0431\u043E\u044E \u0441\u0443\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043F\u043B\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0438, \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044E, \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043E\u043A \u0434\u0456\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438, \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432."@uk ,
"Konstytucjonalizm \u2013 historycznie: kierunek uznaj\u0105cy za najlepsz\u0105 form\u0119 rz\u0105d\u00F3w w\u0142adz\u0119 monarchy ograniczon\u0105 przez konstytucj\u0119, jego pocz\u0105tki si\u0119gaj\u0105 XVIII wieku i \u00F3wczesnych teorii podzia\u0142u w\u0142adzy. Konstytucjonalizm stanowi\u0142 punkt wyj\u015Bcia do wprowadzenia ustroju monarchii konstytucyjnej. W\u0142adza monarchy zosta\u0142a ograniczona przez parlament (ustawodawcza), ministr\u00F3w odpowiedzialnych przed parlamentem (wykonawcza) oraz niezawis\u0142ych s\u0119dzi\u00F3w (s\u0105downicza). Po raz pierwszy ustr\u00F3j taki zaprowadzono w 1689 roku w Anglii. Wsp\u00F3\u0142cze\u015Bnie terminem \"konstytucjonalizm\" okre\u015Bla si\u0119 ustr\u00F3j pa\u0144stwowy oparty na pisanej konstytucji."@pl ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u0301\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043B\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430."@ru ,
"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0646\u0628\u0646\u064A \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062A\u0646\u0638\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0631\u0647 \u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062A\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0645 \u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062A\u0648\u062C\u062F \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064A\u0627\u062A\u060C \u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u060C \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062B\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u064A \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0645\u064A\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647.\u0648 \u0642\u062F \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062D \u00AB\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u00BB \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1834 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064A\u062F \u0648\u0632\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0647\u062F \u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u00AB\u0644\u0648\u064A\u0633 \u0641\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0628 \u062C\u064A\u0633\u0648\u00BB \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u064A \u064A\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062F\u0641 \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0633 \u0623\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1930."@ar ,
"\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0301\u0437\u043C (\u043E\u0442 \u043B\u0430\u0442. constitutio \u00AB\u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u00BB) \u0438\u043C\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F: \n* \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043C\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044F, \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F \u0438 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430; \n* \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439; \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430, \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u044E \u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0443\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u041F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u00AB\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C\u00BB \u0438\u043C\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0439 (\u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E-\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043B\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438) \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0439 (\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0431 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430; \u0432\u043E\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C) \u0430\u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430 \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0441 \u043E\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u044B \u0438 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u044B \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430 (XVII \u0432.)"@ru ,
"Prawo konstytucyjne (tak\u017Ce: \u201Eprawo polityczne\u201D z fr. droit politique; \u201Eprawo pa\u0144stwowe\u201D z niem. Staatsrecht) \u2013 zesp\u00F3\u0142 norm prawnych reguluj\u0105cych ustr\u00F3j polityczny, spo\u0142eczny i gospodarczy pa\u0144stwa albo zesp\u00F3\u0142 norm zawartych w konstytucji (\u201Eprawo konstytucji\u201D). Nazwa \u201Eprawo polityczne\u201D pochodzi z tytu\u0142u ksi\u0105\u017Cki J.J. Rousseau Umowa spo\u0142eczna. Zasady prawa politycznego. Definicja \u201Eprawa politycznego\u201D by\u0142a identyczna z zaprezentowan\u0105 wy\u017Cej definicj\u0105 prawa konstytucyjnego. Obecnie w wi\u0119kszo\u015Bci pa\u0144stw stosuje si\u0119 nazw\u0119 \u201Eprawo konstytucyjne\u201D. Do wa\u017Cniejszych wyj\u0105tk\u00F3w nale\u017C\u0105 Niemcy i Austria, gdzie stosuje si\u0119 poj\u0119cie \u201Eprawo pa\u0144stwowe\u201D. W ramach prawa konstytucyjnego wyr\u00F3\u017Cnia si\u0119 , kt\u00F3re reguluje kompetencje, organizacj\u0119 i tryb dzia\u0142ania parlamentu (szersze uj\u0119cie) albo regulamin parlamentu (w\u0119\u017Csze uj\u0119cie)."@pl ,
"\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AConstitutional law\uFF09\u662F\u570B\u5BB6\u5B9A\u7FA9\u5176\u884C\u653F\u673A\u6784\u3001\u7ACB\u6CD5\u673A\u6784\u53CA\u53F8\u6CD5\u6A5F\u69CB\u4E4B\u9593\u95DC\u4FC2\u7684\u6CD5\u5F8B\uFF0C\u5176\u540D\u7A31\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u5BAA\u6CD5\u3001\u57FA\u672C\u6CD5\u6216\u662F\u5176\u4ED6\u7684\u540D\u7A31\u3002 \u4E0D\u662F\u6240\u6709\u6C11\u65CF\u570B\u5BB6\u90FD\u6709\u5BAA\u6CD5\uFF0C\u4E0D\u904E\u90FD\u6703\u6709\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u6703\u5305\u62EC\u5404\u7A2E\u547D\u4EE4\u6216\u662F\u5354\u5546\u5F8C\u5F62\u6210\u7684\u898F\u5247\u3002\u5176\u4E2D\u53EF\u80FD\u5305\u62EC\u7FD2\u6163\u6CD5\u3001\u98A8\u4FD7\u3001\u6210\u6587\u6CD5\u3001\u5224\u4F8B\u6CD5\u6216\u662F\u56FD\u9645\u6CD5\u7B49\u3002\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u8655\u7406\u653F\u5E9C\u884C\u4F7F\u5176\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u57FA\u672C\u539F\u5247\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5176\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6703\u5217\u51FA\u653F\u5E9C\u6240\u64C1\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6B8A\u6B0A\u529B\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u5411\u4EBA\u6C11\u5FB5\u7A05\u4EE5\u53CA\u7D66\u4E88\u4EBA\u6C11\u76F8\u95DC\u7684\u798F\u5229\u3002\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u6709\u6642\u4E5F\u6703\u9650\u5236\u653F\u5E9C\u7684\u6B0A\u529B\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u7981\u6B62\u5728\u7121\u9069\u7576\u7406\u7531\u7684\u60C5\u5F62\u4E0B\u62D8\u6355\u4EBA\u6C11\u3002\u5728\u5305\u62EC\u7F8E\u570B\u5728\u5167\u7684\u8A31\u591A\u570B\u5BB6\uFF0C\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u662F\u57FA\u65BC\u570B\u5BB6\u6210\u7ACB\u6642\u6240\u6838\u53EF\u7684\u6587\u4EF6\u3002\u6709\u4E9B\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u6703\u4EE5\u975E\u6210\u6587\u7684\u539F\u5247\uFF08\u5982\uFF09\u70BA\u57FA\u790E\uFF0C\u9019\u4E9B\u5728\u61B2\u5236\u6027\u6CD5\u5F8B\u4E2D\u6709\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5730\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6709\u4E9B\u61B2\u653F\u6163\u4F8B\u7684\u5167\u5BB9\u4E5F\u53EF\u80FD\u6709\u722D\u8B70\u3002"@zh ,
"Il diritto costituzionale (in inglese: constitutional law) \u00E8 la branca del diritto pubblico che si occupa, inizialmente, dell'evoluzione e dell'organizzazione dello Stato e dei rapporti tra autorit\u00E0 pubblica e individuo. Da un punto di vista formale-positivista, invece, appartiene alla branca del diritto costituzionale tutto ci\u00F2 che \u00E8 oggetto di disciplina da parte della Costituzione, delle leggi costituzionali e degli altri atti normativi e giurisprudenziali che vi diano diretta attuazione."@it ,
"Konstitucionalismus neboli \u00FAstavnost ozna\u010Duje bezv\u00FDjime\u010Dnou vl\u00E1du \u00FAstavy, resp. vl\u00E1du lidu prost\u0159ednictv\u00EDm demokratick\u00E9 \u00FAstavy, kter\u00E1 odd\u011Bluje st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci a chr\u00E1n\u00ED lidsk\u00E1 pr\u00E1va. Projevuje se tak\u00E9 v tom, \u017Ee v\u0161echny z\u00E1kony a podz\u00E1konn\u00E9 p\u0159edpisy mus\u00ED b\u00FDt v souladu s \u00FAstavou (\u00FAstavn\u00EDm po\u0159\u00E1dkem), zachov\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED \u00FAstavnosti kontroluje \u00FAstavn\u00ED soudnictv\u00ED. V \u010Cesk\u00E9 republice je podle \u010Dl. 83 \u00DAstavy org\u00E1nem ochrany \u00FAstavnosti \u00DAstavn\u00ED soud. Prov\u00E1d\u00ED ji bu\u010F jako abstraktn\u00ED kontrolu \u00FAstavnosti (posuzuje abstraktn\u00ED pr\u00E1vn\u00ED p\u0159edpisy z hlediska jejich souladu s \u00FAstavn\u00EDm po\u0159\u00E1dkem), nebo jako kontrolu konkr\u00E9tn\u00ED (rozhoduje o \u00FAstavn\u00EDch st\u00ED\u017Enostech jednotlivc\u016F v konkr\u00E9tn\u00EDch p\u0159\u00EDpadech)."@cs ,
"Le constitutionnalisme est une th\u00E9orie du droit qui insiste sur le r\u00F4le et la fonction de la Constitution dans la hi\u00E9rarchie des normes par rapport \u00E0 la loi, ainsi que sur le contr\u00F4le de constitutionnalit\u00E9 des lois. On l'oppose parfois au l\u00E9gicentrisme, qui d\u00E9fend la supr\u00E9matie de la loi, \u00E9manation de la souverainet\u00E9 populaire. En droit international, le constitutionnalisme est une conception qui tend \u00E0 s'opposer au pluralisme juridique."@fr ,
"Il costituzionalismo riguarda la filosofia istituzionale, e rappresenta il principio secondo cui l'esercizio del potere politico va limitato da regole scritte che indirizzano e limitano lo sviluppo giuridico e fissano la forma istituzionale al fine di evitare l'arbitrio. In altre parole, si contrappone all'assolutismo e in generale all'arbitrio politico attraverso lo strumento di una Costituzione scritta."@it ,
"\uC785\uD5CC\uC8FC\uC758(\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9, \uC601\uC5B4: Constitutionalism, \uBB38\uD654\uC5B4: \uB9BD\uD5CC\uC8FC\uC758)\uB294 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uC758 \uAE30\uBCF8\uC801 \uC778\uAD8C\uC744 \uBCF4\uC7A5\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD558\uC5EC \uD1B5\uCE58 \uBC0F \uACF5\uB3D9\uCCB4\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uD65C\uC774 \uD5CC\uBC95\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uC601\uC704\uB418\uC5B4\uC57C \uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uC6D0\uB9AC\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko ,
"\u61B2\u6CD5\uFF08\u3051\u3093\u307D\u3046\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: constitutional law\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u7D71\u6CBB\u6A29\u3084\u7D71\u6CBB\u4F5C\u7528\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u6839\u672C\u7684\u306A\u539F\u5247\u3092\u5B9A\u3081\u308B\u57FA\u790E\u6CD5\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u81EA\u5DF1\u6C7A\u5B9A\u6A29\u306E\u6839\u62E0\u3068\u306A\u308B\u6CD5\u4F53\u7CFB\u3002 \u3042\u308B\u56FD\u304C\u4EBA\u6C11\u3084\u5916\u56FD\u653F\u5E9C\u7B49\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u6A29\u9650\u3092\u884C\u4F7F\u3059\u308B\u5834\u5408\u306E\u57FA\u672C\u539F\u5247\u3092\u793A\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306E\u539F\u5247\u304C\u56FD\u6C11\u306E\u798F\u7949\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306E\u8AB2\u7A0E\u3084\u6B73\u51FA\u306E\u6A29\u9650\u306A\u3069\u3092\u653F\u5E9C\u306B\u4ED8\u4E0E\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u61B2\u6CD5\u306F\u5341\u5206\u306A\u7406\u7531\u306E\u306A\u3044\u902E\u6355\u306E\u7981\u6B62\u3084\u975E\u516C\u958B\u88C1\u5224\u306E\u7981\u6B62\u306A\u3069\u306E\u56FD\u5BB6\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308B\u6A5F\u80FD\u3082\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u61B2\u6CD5\u3092\u6210\u6587\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u56FD\u6C11\u56FD\u5BB6\u3067\u3082\u3001\u56FD\u6C11\u306E\u30B3\u30F3\u30BB\u30F3\u30B5\u30B9\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u5F37\u5236\u529B\u306E\u3042\u308B\u898F\u5247\u3067\u69CB\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\uFF08ius commune\uFF09\u3084\u571F\u5730\u306E\u6CD5\u5F8B\u306A\u3069\u306E\u6163\u7FD2\u6CD5\uFF08customary law\uFF09\u3001\u98A8\u7FD2\uFF08conventions\uFF09\u3001\u6210\u6587\u6CD5\u3001\u5224\u4F8B\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u56FD\u969B\u898F\u5247\u3084\u56FD\u969B\u898F\u7BC4\u304C\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308B\u3002 1215\u5E74\u306B\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3067\u5236\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u300C\u30DE\u30B0\u30CA\u30FB\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u300D\u304C\u6E90\u6D41\u3067\u30011789\u5E74\u306E\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u3067\u5236\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u300C\u4EBA\u9593\u3068\u5E02\u6C11\u306E\u6A29\u5229\u306E\u5BA3\u8A00\u300D\u3067\u306F\u4EBA\u6A29\u3068\u56FD\u6C11\u4E3B\u6A29\u304C\u5BA3\u8A00\u3055\u308C\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u72EC\u7ACB\u6226\u4E89\u4EE5\u964D\u3001\u56FD\u6C11\u304C\u61B2\u6CD5\u3067\u56FD\u5BB6\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u56FD\u5BB6\u306E\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u7D71\u4E00\u4F53\u306E\u69CB\u9020\u3084\u7D44\u7E54\u305D\u306E\u3082\u306E\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308A\uFF08\u4E8B\u5B9F\u7684\u610F\u5473\u306E\u61B2\u6CD5\uFF09\u3001\u3053\u306E\u307B\u304B\u61B2\u6CD5\u306F\u591A\u7FA9\u7684\u306A\u6982\u5FF5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8AD6\u3058\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
"Konstitutionalismus ist ein Begriff aus der Verfassungsgeschichte und beschreibt eine bestimmte Staatsform, in der eine Verfassung eine bestimmte Rolle spielt. Je nach Land und Sprache kann damit im Einzelnen etwas Unterschiedliches gemeint sein. In der Geschichte Deutschlands versteht man unter Konstitutionalismus vor allem die Phase von 1814 bis 1918, als es zwar bereits Verfassungen gab, aber die parlamentarische Regierungsweise sich noch nicht rechtlich oder faktisch durchgesetzt hatte. Man spricht auch von einer Abfolge absolutistische Monarchie, konstitutionelle Monarchie, parlamentarische Monarchie. In der konstitutionellen Monarchie muss sich ein Monarch, anders als in der absolutistischen Monarchie, an eine Verfassung halten, in der parlamentarischen kommt hinzu, dass die Regierung letztlich vom Vertrauen des Parlaments abh\u00E4ngt."@de ,
"Het staatsrecht, grondwettelijk recht of constitutioneel recht is het recht inzake de staat als organisatorisch verband. Het heeft betrekking op de organen van de staat, op de instelling ervan, hun bevoegdheden, hun verhouding tot elkaar en die tot de burgers. Het staatsrecht is een onderdeel van het publiekrecht. In zekere zin zou men kunnen zeggen dat het bestuursrecht of administratief recht ondergeschikt is aan het staatsrecht, omdat het bestuursrecht beschrijft hoe organen de bevoegdheden die hen krachtens staatsrecht zijn toebedeeld kunnen gebruiken. Meer verdedigbaar is de opvatting dat het bestuursrecht beperkter is in de zin dat het betrekking heeft op het recht betreffende de uitvoerende macht. \n* Specifieke bronnen van het Nederlandse staatsrecht: \n* Het statuut voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden van 1954 \n* De grondwet van het (Verenigd) Koninkrijk der Nederlanden van 1814/1815 \n* Specifieke bronnen van het Belgische staatsrecht: \n* De Belgische grondwet van 1831 \n* Algemene bronnen van het staatsrecht: \n* Organieke wetten en besluiten \n* Gewoonterecht, bijvoorbeeld de vertrouwensregel \n* Verdragen \n* Rechtsleer \n* Algemene rechtsbeginselen"@nl ,
"Constitucionalismo es un concepto pol\u00EDtico que se ha definido como \u00ABun complejo de ideas, actitudes y pautas de comportamiento que establecen el principio de que la autoridad del gobierno deriva y est\u00E1 limitada por la parte principal de una ley suprema\u00BB.\u200BSu objetivo es arbitrar la autoridad y consagrar los derechos de los hombres y mujeres. En un r\u00E9gimen o sistema constitucionalista cualquier ley debe estar fundamentada en la constituci\u00F3n, por lo que todas las leyes quedan reguladas y supeditadas al articulado general de la constituci\u00F3n. Toute Soci\u00E9t\u00E9 dans laquelle la garantie des Droits n'est pas assur\u00E9e, ni la s\u00E9paration des Pouvoirs d\u00E9termin\u00E9e, n'a point de Constitution. \"Una Sociedad en la que la garant\u00EDa de los Derechos no est\u00E1 asegurada, ni la separaci\u00F3n de los Poderes determinada, no tiene Constituci\u00F3n.\" Declaraci\u00F3n de los Derechos del Hombre y del Ciudadano, Asamblea Nacional Constituyente (Francia), 26 de agosto de 1789. Las organizaciones pol\u00EDticas son constitucionales en la medida en que \"contienen mecanismos instituci\u00F3nalizados de control del poder para la protecci\u00F3n de los intereses y libertades de la ciudadan\u00EDa, incluidos los que pueden estar en el \".\u200B Tal y como lo describe el polit\u00F3logo y constitucionalista David Fellman: El constitucionalismo es descriptivo de un concepto complicado, profundamente arraigado en la experiencia hist\u00F3rica, que somete a los funcionarios que ejercen los poderes gubernamentales a las limitaciones de una ley superior. El constitucionalismo proclama la conveniencia del estado de derecho en contraposici\u00F3n al gobierno por el juicio arbitrario o el mero decreto de los funcionarios p\u00FAblicos . En toda la literatura que trata del derecho p\u00FAblico moderno y de los fundamentos del Estado, el elemento central del concepto de constitucionalismo es que en la sociedad pol\u00EDtica los funcionarios del gobierno no son libres de hacer lo que quieran y de la manera que quieran; est\u00E1n obligados a observar tanto las limitaciones del poder como los procedimientos que se establecen en la ley suprema y constitucional de la comunidad. Por tanto, puede decirse que la piedra de toque del constitucionalismo es el concepto de gobierno limitado bajo una ley superior.\u200B"@es ,
"Konstitutionalism som begrepp innefattar flera id\u00E9er och inneb\u00F6rder men kan generellt sett beskrivas som ett system f\u00F6r att begr\u00E4nsa statsmaktens makt med en skriven konstitution. Fast\u00E4n konstitutionellt styre n\u00E4mns av Aristoteles i Politiken, brukar John Locke framh\u00E5llas som dess fr\u00E4msta uttolkare. Begreppet konstitutionalism \u00E4r dubbelsidigt. Konstitutionalism innefattar b\u00E5de bemyndigandet och begr\u00E4nsandet av makten, b\u00E5de beviljar maktbefogenhet och specificerar dess omfattning och syfte. Konstitutionalismen anses fr\u00E4mja r\u00E4ttsstatens principer, f\u00F6ruts\u00E4gbarhetsprincipen, och f\u00F6rhindra godtycklig r\u00E4ttsskipning. Enligt konstitutionalism kan lagar och domar i l\u00E4nder med common law f\u00F6rklaras ogiltiga eftersom de strider emot konstitutionen om det sker i enlighet med , vanligen av en f\u00F6rfattningsdomstol eller domstol med liknande befogenhet. S\u00E5v\u00E4l f\u00F6respr\u00E5kare f\u00F6r naturr\u00E4tten som Hans Kelsens l\u00E4rjungar, menar att en konstitution b\u00F6r inneh\u00E5lla en grundnorm och regeringsmaktens f\u00F6rpliktelser. Som regel \u00E4r konstitutionen avkodad i ett dokument i moderna stater, som i den amerikanska grundlagen USA:s konstitution. I Aristoteles Politiken avser ett konstitutionellt styre ett statsskick d\u00E4r lagen \u00E4r \u00F6verst\u00E4lld regenten; en monarki i vilken regeringsmakten \u00E4r begr\u00E4nsad i grundlag, kallas med ett senare spr\u00E5kbruk \"konstitutionell monarki\". Demokratisk konstitutionalism \u00E4r statsskick vars grundlagar garanterar medborgarna demokrati."@sv ,
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\u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5): \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C3\u03BA\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7 (forza) \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C7\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 (potere) \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC ordo ordinans \u03C3\u03B5 ordo ordinatus = \u00AB\u03C4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7\u00BB. \u039B\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03AF \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03AE \u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039A\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B8\u03B5\u03BC\u03AD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5. \u039A\u03B1\u03B8\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C1\u03B8\u03C1\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C0\u03BF \u03AC\u03C3\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2, \u03B3\u03B9\u2019 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC, \u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u00AB \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03B9\u03C0\u03B5\u03AF\u03BD \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03AF\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AF\u03C4\u03B5\u03C5\u03BC\u03B1\u00BB \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AC\u03BB\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AF\u03C4\u03B5\u03C5\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u00AB\u03C3\u03C5\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7\u00BB \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03AD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7. \u03B2) \u039F\u03B9 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03BB\u03AE\u03C8\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9: \n* \u00AB\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE- \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AE\u00BB: \u03A4\u03BF \u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BA\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2. \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B7 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03BB\u03B7\u03C8\u03B7 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5. \u0392\u03AD\u03B2\u03B1\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C6\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B5\u03BD\u03C5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BA\u03CC\u03BC\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03BB\u03B7\u03C8\u03B7. \u03A0\u03BF\u03C4\u03AD \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03B1\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03AE \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2. \u03A4\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B8\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03AD\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03AF \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C7\u03B5\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7. \u0393\u03BD\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 1. \n* \u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03B8\u03BC\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1. 2. \n* \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03AC\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2, \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03AC\u03B3\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 (\u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1) 3. \n* \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \n* \u00AB \u03B4\u03B5\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u00BB- \u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE: \u03A4\u03BF \u03A3\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 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\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03B2\u03AC\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C5\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AC\u03C3\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD \u03B3\u03AD\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03AF\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03BB\u03AF\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03B4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u03A0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C4\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03A3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C7\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2, \u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BE\u03AF\u03B1."@el ,
"\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\uFF08\u308A\u3063\u3051\u3093\u3057\u3085\u304E\u3001\u82F1: constitutionalism\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5358\u306B\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u57FA\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7D71\u6CBB\u304C\u306A\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3079\u304D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u307F\u306A\u3089\u305A\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u6A29\u529B\u304C\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5B9F\u8CEA\u7684\u306B\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308C\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u306A\u3089\u306A\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653F\u6CBB\u7406\u5FF5\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306E\u8868\u73FE\u306F\u300C\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u7ACB\u811A\u3059\u308B\u300D\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610F\u5473\u5408\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u305D\u3053\u306B\u3044\u3046\u300C\u61B2\u6CD5\u300D\u306F\u6A29\u529B\u306E\u5236\u7D04\u3092\u4F34\u3046\u898F\u7BC4\u7684\u61B2\u6CD5\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u540D\u76EE\u7684\u61B2\u6CD5\u306B\u57FA\u3065\u304F\u7D71\u6CBB\u306F\u672C\u6765\u306E\u610F\u5473\u3067\u306E\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306B\u7D50\u3073\u3064\u304B\u306A\u3044\uFF08\u5916\u898B\u7684\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\uFF09\u3002 \u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3092\u524D\u63D0\u3068\u3057\u305F\u6C11\u4E3B\u5236\u3092\u7ACB\u61B2\u6C11\u4E3B\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3001\u3084\u306F\u308A\u7ACB\u61B2\u4E3B\u7FA9\u3092\u524D\u63D0\u3068\u3057\u305F\u541B\u4E3B\u5236\u3092\u7ACB\u61B2\u541B\u4E3B\u5236\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3002"@ja ,
"El derecho constitucional es la rama del derecho p\u00FAblico cuyo principal objeto de estudio son las leyes fundamentales de un Estado y singularmente de su Constituci\u00F3n. Adem\u00E1s, esta tiene la posibilidad de verse desde el punto de vista tanto formal, como material. De esta manera, es materia de estudio todo lo relativo a la forma de Estado, forma de gobierno, derechos fundamentales y la regulaci\u00F3n de los poderes p\u00FAblicos, incluidas las relaciones entre los poderes p\u00FAblicos y ciudadanos.\u200B"@es ,
"Hukum tata negara adalah bentuk hukum yang mendefinisikan hubungan antara berbagai lembaga di dalam suatu negara, yaitu eksekutif, legislatif, dan yudikatif. Tidak semua negara bangsa memiliki konstitusi, walaupun semua negara semacam itu memiliki , atau hukum tanah air yang berisi sejumlah peraturan imperatif dan konsensus. Peraturan tersebut meliputi hukum adat, konvensi, , , atau peraturan dan norma internasional. Asas hukum adalah dasar-dasar yang menjadi sumber pandangan hidup, kesadaran, cita-cita hukum masyarakat."@in ,
"Statsr\u00E4tt \u00E4r sammanfattningen av de , som har till f\u00F6rem\u00E5l organisationen av ut\u00F6vandet av statens och statsmaktens f\u00F6rh\u00E5llande till de densamma underkastade individerna och samh\u00E4llena. Statsr\u00E4tten \u00E4r den gren av den offentliga r\u00E4tten, som best\u00E4mmer de statliga f\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena inom enhetsstater eller f\u00F6rbundsstater, under det att denna r\u00E4tts andra gren (folkr\u00E4tten) best\u00E4mmer r\u00E4ttsf\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena mellan suver\u00E4na stater. Under statsr\u00E4tten faller straffr\u00E4tt, processr\u00E4tt, f\u00F6rvaltningsr\u00E4tt, skatter\u00E4tt och statsr\u00E4tt i inskr\u00E4nkt mening eller f\u00F6rfattningsr\u00E4tt, vars huvudgrunder best\u00E4ms genom grundlag. Kyrkor\u00E4tt kan ing\u00E5 i alla dessa arter av statsr\u00E4tt. Ordet statsr\u00E4tt begagnas \u00E4ven som namn p\u00E5 l\u00E4ran om statsr\u00E4tten. Den skiljer sig i denna mening fr\u00E5n politik eller statsvetenskap d\u00E4rigenom, att den anger, vilka de statsr\u00E4ttsliga f\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena \u00E4r, inte vilka de anses b\u00F6ra vara. Statsr\u00E4ttsl\u00E4ran ing\u00E5r som hj\u00E4lpvetenskap i statskunskapen, men \u00E4r ocks\u00E5 en sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndig juridisk disciplin. Som s\u00E5dan utreder den, vilka de statsr\u00E4ttsliga f\u00F6rh\u00E5llandena \u00E4r enligt positiv lag, oberoende av historiska, sociala och politiska inflytanden."@sv ,
"La konstitucia juro estas la aro de la reguloj, kiuj organizas la funkciadon de la \u015Dtato kaj de la publikaj povoj. \u011Cia precipa fonto estas konstitucio."@eo ,
"\u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je pr\u00E1vn\u00ED odv\u011Btv\u00ED ve\u0159ejn\u00E9ho pr\u00E1va vymezuj\u00EDc\u00EDho st\u00E1t a obsah st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci. \u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je tvo\u0159eno souhrnem pr\u00E1vn\u00EDch norem nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ED pr\u00E1vn\u00ED s\u00EDly ur\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00EDch formu st\u00E1tu a vl\u00E1dy, rozd\u011Blen\u00ED a v\u00FDkon st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci a z\u00E1kladn\u00ED pr\u00E1va a svobody. D\u0159\u00EDve bylo ozna\u010Dov\u00E1no jako st\u00E1tn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo a zahrnovalo i \u010D\u00E1st dne\u0161n\u00EDho pr\u00E1va spr\u00E1vn\u00EDho. \u00DAstavn\u00ED pr\u00E1vo je soubor v\u0161ech pr\u00E1vn\u00EDch norem, kter\u00E9 upravuj\u00ED nejd\u016Fle\u017Eit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED vztahy ve st\u00E1t\u011B, a to: \n* uspo\u0159\u00E1d\u00E1n\u00ED st\u00E1tu \n* rozd\u011Blen\u00ED a v\u00FDkon st\u00E1tn\u00ED moci \n* z\u00E1kladn\u00ED pr\u00E1va a svobody ob\u010Dan\u016F"@cs ,
"Direito constitucional \u00E9 o ramo do direito p\u00FAblico interno dedicado \u00E0 an\u00E1lise e interpreta\u00E7\u00E3o das normas constitucionais. Na perspectiva contempor\u00E2nea, tais normas s\u00E3o compreendidas como o \u00E1pice da pir\u00E2mide normativa de uma ordem jur\u00EDdica, consideradas leis supremas de um Estado soberano e t\u00EAm por fun\u00E7\u00E3o regulamentar e delimitar o poder estatal, al\u00E9m de garantir os direitos considerados fundamentais. O direito constitucional aborda ainda: o conceito de constitui\u00E7\u00E3o; o poder constituinte; a an\u00E1lise e interpreta\u00E7\u00E3o das normas constitucionais; os princ\u00EDpios fundamentais; ou direitos humanos; a discuss\u00E3o sobre a nacionalidade; os direitos pol\u00EDticos e os partidos pol\u00EDticos; a organiza\u00E7\u00E3o do Estado; a ; os tr\u00EAs poderes; a ; o processo legislativo; a e a muta\u00E7\u00E3o constitucional; as ; as finan\u00E7as p\u00FAblicas e o ."@pt ,
"Le droit constitutionnel est une branche du droit public qui rassemble les r\u00E8gles juridiques relatives \u00E0 la forme de l'\u00C9tat, \u00E0 la constitution du gouvernement et des pouvoirs publics et \u00E0 la participation des citoyens \u00E0 l'exercice de ces pouvoirs. Ce droit de la Constitution est sanctionn\u00E9 par un juge. Le droit constitutionnel rassemble les r\u00E8gles juridiques int\u00E9ressant les institutions, le syst\u00E8me de norme et de rapports entre normes, et les droits fondamentaux."@fr ,
"El Dret Constitucional \u00E9s una branca del Dret P\u00FAblic el camp d'estudi de la qual inclou l'an\u00E0lisi de les lleis fonamentals que defineixen un estat. Entre els principis doctrinals del dret constitucional hi ha la divisi\u00F3 de poders (poder legislatiu, poder executiu i poder judicial). \u00C9s mat\u00E8ria d'estudi del Dret Constitucional tot el que t\u00E9 a veure amb la forma d'estat, la forma de govern, els drets fonamentals i la regulaci\u00F3 dels poders p\u00FAblics, incloent-hi tant les relacions entre els poders p\u00FAblics com les relacions entre els poders p\u00FAblics i els ciutadans. Com que el nombre d'estats s'ha multiplicat, tamb\u00E9 ho han fet les constitucions i amb elles el cos del dret constitucional, encara que a vegades aquesta llei emana de fonts fora de l'estat. Especialment des de mitjan segle XX, la protecci\u00F3 dels drets individuals s'ha convertit tamb\u00E9 en una preocupaci\u00F3 de les institucions supranacionals."@ca ,
"El constitucionalisme \u00E9s una doctrina ideol\u00F2gica i pol\u00EDtica que defensa l'establiment d'un conjunt de normes b\u00E0siques per les quals s'ha de regir una societat. \u00C9s sempre el pacte de tots els membres representatius de la societat que constitueix el col\u00B7lectiu definit per aquest pacte i limita el dret, les accions i les autoritats de tots els agents de poder. El constitucionalisme \u00E9s una doctrina hist\u00F2rica que ha pervingut durant tota l'Edat moderna i s'ha materialitzat en l'Edat contempor\u00E0nia mitjan\u00E7ant la ideologia del liberalisme i les revolucions liberals de finals del Segle XVIII i la primera meitat del Segle XIX. La lluita contra el poder absolut dels reis, l'oposici\u00F3 a les constants guerres de religi\u00F3 a Europa, i les constants apel\u00B7lacions a la toler\u00E0ncia caracteritzen al constitucionalisme."@ca ,
"Constitutionalisme is een politieke stroming en filosofie die stelt dat de heersende macht gebonden is zekere rechten van de onderdanen te respecteren. Volgens het moderne constitutionalisme moet de staatsvorm gebaseerd zijn op een grondwet. De neiging om politieke kwesties te zien in het licht van een constitutie wordt ook wel constitutionalisme genoemd, een term die vaak wordt gebruikt in de politiek van de Verenigde Staten. In de late middeleeuwen gold al dat veel vorsten bepaalde oude rechten en privileges moesten respecteren. Volgens het dominium politicum et regale stelde de vorst de regels vast, maar golden die pas na bevestiging door de onderdanen, soms verenigd in staten. De Magna Carta van 1215 limiteerde de macht van de Engelse koning en zo werden vaker afspraken vastgelegd in een keure zoals de Keure van Kortenberg in 1312. Ter bevestiging werd een pas aangetreden vorst wel geacht om deze rechten te bevestigen tijdens een blijde inkomst, zoals de Blijde Inkomst van 1356 in het hertogdom Brabant. In deze laatste was een recht van opstand opgenomen, waar het Plakkaat van Verlatinghe in 1581 dan ook een beroep op deed. Dit was gebaseerd op het constitutionalisme van de monarchomachen in Frankrijk die het idee van volkssoevereiniteit ontwikkelden. In de Vroegmoderne Tijd werd dit verder uitgewerkt tot een theorie van een sociaal contract door John Locke in Two Treatises of Government uit 1689. Montesquieu zette in De l\u2019esprit des lois uit 1748 zijn idee\u00EBn uiteen over de scheiding der machten. Na de Amerikaanse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog werd in 1787 de Grondwet van de Verenigde Staten van kracht, de oudst gecodificeerde geschreven nationale grondwet die nog van kracht is. De werken van Locke en Montesquieu waren hierop van invloed, net als die van Edward Coke en William Blackstone. De idee\u00EBn van Locke en Montesquieu kwamen met die van Jean-Jacques Rousseau over gelijkheid terug in de Verklaring van de rechten van de mens en de burger die werd opgesteld na de Franse Revolutie. Ook de Amerikaanse Onafhankelijkheidsverklaring was hier van invloed. De Verklaring vormde de basis van de Franse grondwet van 1791, de eerste in een lange serie grondwetten. In de rest van Europa werden hierna grondwetten ingevoerd, vaak na de veroveringen van de . Pas vanaf het Revolutiejaar 1848 werden veel van deze grondwetten pas echt representatieve grondwetten."@nl ,
"Konstitusionalisme adalah suatu konsep atau gagasan yang berpendapat bahwa kekuasaan pemerintah perlu dibatasi, agar penyelenggaraan negara tidak sewenang-wenang atau otoriter. Ide konstitusionalisme ini kemudian diadopsi oleh para Founding Fathers Amerika Serikat sebagai dasar mereka merumuskan dasar negara yang demokratis. Salah satu peletak ide ini adalah John Locke, dengan konsep Trias politica."@in ,
"Als Verfassungsrecht wird in der allgemeinen Staatslehre, Politikwissenschaft und Verfassungsvergleichung die Lehre von den rechtlichen Grundlagen eines Staates beziehungsweise von Staaten untereinander bezeichnet. Hierzu z\u00E4hlt vor allem die Lehre von der Organisation des Staates. Regelm\u00E4\u00DFig sind die verfassungsrechtlichen Grundlagen in einer Verfassungsurkunde (Verfassung im formellen Sinne) niedergelegt; als Staat ohne geschriebene Verfassung, d. h. lediglich mit einer Verfassung im materiellen Sinn, ist das Vereinigte K\u00F6nigreich zu nennen. Vornehmlich in den L\u00E4ndern des deutschen Rechtskreises wird zwischen Staatsrecht im Allgemeinen und Verfassungsrecht im Besonderen unterschieden (siehe die Abgrenzung von Staatsrecht und Verfassungsrecht)."@de ,
"Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments. Not all nation states have codified constitutions, though all such states have a jus commune, or law of the land, that may consist of a variety of imperative and consensual rules. These may include customary law, conventions, statutory law, judge-made law, or international rules and norms. Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the government exercises its authority. In some instances, these principles grant specific powers to the government, such as the power to tax and spend for the welfare of the population. Other times, constitutional principles act to place limits on what the government can do, such as prohibiting the arrest of an individual without sufficient cause. In most nations, such as the United States, India, and Singapore, constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation came into being. Other constitutions, notably that of the United Kingdom, rely heavily on uncodified rules, as several legislative statutes and constitutional conventions, their status within constitutional law varies, and the terms of conventions are in some cases strongly contested."@en ,
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"Constitucionalismo \u00E9 como se denomina o movimento social, pol\u00EDtico e jur\u00EDdico e at\u00E9 mesmo ideol\u00F3gico, a partir do qual emergem as constitui\u00E7\u00F5es nacionais. Em termos gen\u00E9ricos e supranacionais, constitui-se parte de normas fundamentais de um ordenamento jur\u00EDdico de um Estado, localizadas no topo da pir\u00E2mide normativa, ou seja, sua Constitui\u00E7\u00E3o. Seu estudo implica, deste modo, uma an\u00E1lise concomitante do que seja Constitui\u00E7\u00E3o com suas formas e objetivos. O constitucionalismo moderno, na magistral s\u00EDntese de Canotilho \"\u00E9 uma t\u00E9cnica espec\u00EDfica de limita\u00E7\u00E3o do poder com fins garantir limita\u00E7\u00E3o do poder do Estado\"."@pt ;
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Referendum ,
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