Sources of Vietnamese Tradition

Front Cover
George Dutton, Jayne Werner, John K. Whitmore
Columbia University Press, Sep 18, 2012 - History - 664 pages

Sources of Vietnamese Tradition provides an essential guide to two thousand years of Vietnamese history and a comprehensive overview of the society and state of Vietnam. Strategic selections illuminate key figures, issues, and events while building a thematic portrait of the country's developing territory, politics, culture, and relations with neighbors. The volume showcases Vietnam's remarkable independence in the face of Chinese and other external pressures and respects the complexity of the Vietnamese experience both past and present.

The anthology begins with selections that cover more than a millennium of Chinese dominance over Vietnam (111 B.C.E.–939 C.E.) and follows with texts that illuminate four centuries of independence ensured by the Ly, Tran, and Ho dynasties (1009–1407). The earlier cultivation of Buddhism and Southeast Asian political practices by the monarchy gave way to two centuries of Confucian influence and bureaucratic governance (1407–1600), based on Chinese models, and three centuries of political competition between the north and the south, resolving in the latter's favor (1600–1885). Concluding with the colonial era and the modern age, the volume recounts the ravages of war and the creation of a united, independent Vietnam in 1975. Each chapter features readings that reveal the views, customs, outside influences on, and religious and philosophical beliefs of a rapidly changing people and culture. Descriptions of land, society, economy, and governance underscore the role of the past in the formation of contemporary Vietnam and its relationships with neighboring countries and the West.

 

Contents

Introduction
1
Part I Premodern Vietnam
7
1 The Period of Northern Empire
9
THE LAND
11
Life in the South
12
The Spirit Cao Lo
13
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
15
Maritime Trade in the South 945
16
Recorded Tales of the Founding of the Country
156
Edict to the Peoples of Quang Nam
159
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
162
Wealth of the Nguyen Realm
163
Memorial on the Currency Crisis
165
Edict Encouraging Agriculture
166
Letter to the Governor of Macao
168
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
170

Scholarship in the South 297
17
Buddhism in the South
18
The Mountain Spirit
19
GOVERNANCE
20
Governing the South
21
An Indigenous King
23
A Northerner Governing the South
24
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
25
Customs of the South
26
Relations with Champa
27
2 The Ly Tran and Ho Epochs
28
THE LAND
31
The Southern Land
33
Poems on a Buddhist Land
35
Royal Poems on the Land
36
The Cult of Phung Hung
37
The Buddhist Monk Khuong Viet
38
A Vietnamese Antiquity
39
Protest on Moving the Capital
40
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
41
The Diking System
42
Northern Commerce
43
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
44
Buddhist Poems
45
Buddhist Cults
46
Lady God of the Earth
47
The Origins of Buddhism in Dai Viet
48
Funeral Inscription of a Court Minister
51
Buddhism and the Sages
53
Thien Beliefs
54
The Trung Sisters
56
A Literatuss Inscription for a Buddhist Temple
57
The Literatis New Worldview
58
GOVERNANCE
60
Omens and Prophecies
61
Funeral Inscription of a Court Minister
63
The Oath Ritual
65
Officials and Village Registers
66
Utilizing the Past to Define the Present
67
The Ideal Official
68
How to Govern
69
Literati Poems Literati Concerns
70
Dai Ngu and the Ming Court
72
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
73
Life of a Court Lady
75
Cleaning Up the Monastic Community
77
Social Categories
78
Scholarly Life
79
The Trung Sisters
80
ETHNIC RELATIONS
81
Music of Champa
82
External Threats
83
Critique on Handling the Nung
85
The Ma Nhai Inscription
86
Foreign Cultures
87
3 The Le and Mac Epochs
89
THE LAND
93
Mapping the Land
94
A Cosmic View of the Land
96
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
97
Public and Private Lands
98
Foreign Trade
101
Government and the Economy
103
Elephants
104
Market Regulations
105
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
106
The Temple of Literature
108
Changing the Reign Name
109
Rules of Behavior
110
Literati Beliefs
111
Collecting Tales
112
Literati and Buddhist Temple Inscriptions
113
The Three Teachings
114
GOVERNANCE
116
Village Registers
117
Demotion of the Queen
118
Literati Government
119
The Proper Minister
121
Critique of a Past Court Minister
122
The Purpose of Government
123
Good Government
124
Dynastic Change
125
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
126
Controlling Powerful Families
127
The Literati and Local Custom
128
Private Property
129
Ideology and Social Structure
130
Public Land and Powerful Families
132
Children and the Law
133
The King on Bad Behavior
134
Marriage and Mourning
135
Ritual and Patrilineality
136
ETHNIC RELATIONS
137
Nguyen Trai and Others
138
Edict on Champa
139
Ordering Ethnic Groups to Conform
143
Part II Early Modern Vietnam
145
4 The TrinhNguyen Period
147
THE LAND
153
Deathbed Statement to His Son
155
Phan Huy Ich
174
The Sound of Emptiness
176
The ChildGiving Guanyin
180
Ritual for Venerating Heaven
186
POLITICAL REFORM
188
Memorial Describing the Economic Crisis in the Nguyen Realm
191
Memorial Regarding the Economic Crisisin Nghe An
193
Edict Regarding Official Positions
195
Temple of Literature Stele for the Examination of 1623
200
GOVERNANCE
203
Proclamation to Rally Troops
205
The Unification Records of the Imperial Le
208
Letter to Ngo Tuong Dao
215
Edict on Ascending the Throne
217
Treaty of Versailles Between Nguyen Anhand King Louis XVI
219
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
223
Edict Regarding Local Customs
226
Lament for the South
229
Discourse on Medical Training
232
Introduction to The Complete Anthology of Vietnamese Literature
235
Preface to the Literature Section of General History of dai Viet
239
Rhapsody on West Lake
242
On Marriage
248
5 The Early Nguyen Dynasty
253
THE LAND
258
Naming the Country Dai Nam
259
Vietnamese Geographical Expansion
261
Tales of the Country of Cambodia
262
Ha Noi Son Nam
265
Climate and Geography of Gia Dinh
269
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
273
Policy for Trading with Europeans
275
GOVERNANCE
277
Records of Men
279
Edict to the Literati and Commoners of the Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam
280
A Plan for Making the People Wealthy and the Country Strong
284
Nguyen Comment on the Fate of the Le
289
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
292
Customs of Gia Dinh
294
A Dirge for All Ten Classes of Beings
299
Selected Poems
305
Ten Moral Precepts
306
Tales from a Journey to the Northern Region
308
FOREIGN RELATIONS AND WARFARE
311
Summary Record of an Overseas Journey
313
A Record of Military Systems
315
Debating French Demands
317
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
320
Temple of the General of the Southern Seas
324
Comments Regarding Christianity
325
Thien Mu Pagoda
329
Part III Modern Vietnam
333
6The Colonial Era
335
THE LAND
337
Royal Edict on Resistance
339
The History of the Loss of the Country
342
RESPONSES TO THE FRENCH
353
A Civilization of New Learning
369
Monarchy and Democracy
375
The Ideal of Annamese Youth
382
Intellectual and Moral Reform
389
Letter Addressed to the French Chambre des Députés
393
The Revolutionarys Code of Conduct
396
Revolutionary Character and Morality
397
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
402
Modernize Completely and Without Hesitation
406
New Poetry
409
Confucianism
414
Vietnam in the Modern Age
424
RELIGION
429
Why We Must Revive Buddhism
434
The Way to Practice Religion and Rules for Everyday Life
438
7 The Independence Era
447
THE LAND
450
FOREIGN CONFLICTS
457
Tet the Year of the Monkey
463
POLITICAL TRANSITIONS AND POLITICS
473
On the Promulgation of the Constitution
476
No Other Road to Take
478
Completing National Reunification
486
Letter to the Communist Party Urging Democratic Reform
490
ECONOMICS
496
Law on Land to the Tiller
499
Resolution of the Sixth Party Congress
504
The Peasants and Countryside in Vietnam Today
517
SOCIETY AND CULTURE
522
We Must Win
530
Law on Marriage and the Family
536
Northern and Southern Poetry and Song During the Vietnam War
542
Returning to My Home Village
547
RELIGION
554
Vietnamese Catholics Marxism and the Problems of Catechistic Instruction
561
Decree on Religious Activities
565
ETHNIC AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
570
Laws on Vietnamese Nationality
576
Aligning the Strength of the Nation withthe Power of the Age
579
Bibliography
587
Permissions
597
Index
601
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About the author (2012)

George E. Dutton is associate professor of Southeast Asian languages and cultures and vice chair of the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of California, Los Angeles. His research focuses on social movements, historiographical issues, and colonial culture and education, and he is the author of The Tay So'n Uprising: Society and Rebellion in Eighteenth-Century Vietnam.

Jayne S. Werner is associate research scholar in the Weatherhead East Asian Institute at Columbia University and professor emerita of political science at Long Island University. Her most recent book is Gender, Household, and State in Post-Revolutionary Vietnam.

John K. Whitmore is research associate at the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, and a specialist on premodern Vietnamese and Southeast Asian history. He has taught at Yale University, the University of Virginia, and the University of California, Los Angeles.

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