Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization

Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization

سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی
Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی
	The group's emblem includes an Arabic negative article La (لا; standing for La ilaha illa-llah) out of which grows a clenched fist holding rifle, and a globe symbolizing its commitment to Internationalism
Paramilitary wing commander	Mohammad Boroujerdi
Supreme Leader representative	Hossein Rasti-Kashani
Founded	April 1979
Dissolved	October 1986
Succeeded by	Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization (left faction); Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution (right faction)
Headquarters	Tehran, Iran
Membership (1979)	<1,000
Ideology	Islamism; Khomeinism; Anti-communism; Statism
Political position	Left-wing to right-wing
Religion	Islam
National affiliation	Islamic Coalition (1979); Grand Coalition (1980)
	Politics of Iran; Political parties; Elections;

Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization (Persian: سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی, romanized: Sāzmān-e Mojāhedin-e Enqelāb-e Eslāmi, lit. 'Holy Warriors of the Islamic Revolution') was an umbrella political organization in Iran, founded in 1979 by unification of seven underground Islamist revolutionary paramilitary and civil^[4] organizations which previously fought against the Pahlavi monarchy.^[6]

The organization was firmly allied with the ruling Islamic Republican Party and was given a share of power^[7] and three of its members were appointed as government ministers under PM Mir-Hossein Mousavi: Behzad Nabavi (minister without portfolio for executive affairs), Mohammad Salamati (agriculture) and Mohammad Shahab Gonabadi (housing and urban development).^[8]

History

Most members were among those formerly associated with the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran but left the organization after it declared ideology switch to Marxism.^[6] The groups were:^[6]

"United Ummah" (Persian: امت واحده; Ommat-e-Vahede)
"Monotheistic Badr" (Persian: توحیدی بدر; Towhidiye-Badr)
"Monotheistic Queue" (Persian: توحیدی صف; Towhidiye-Saff)
"Peasant" (Persian: فلاح; Fallah)
"Daybreak" (Persian: فلق: Falaq)
"Victors" (Persian: منصورون; Mansouroun)
"Monotheists" (Persian: موحدین; Movahedin)

Dissolution

The organization dissolved in 1986 as a result of tensions between the leftist and rightist members.^[4]

Legacy

Left-wing members of the organization decided to resume activities in 1991 and established leftist Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization (adding the words “of Iran” to the name) which later emerged as a reformist party.^[4] Some right-wing members founded Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution in late-1990s.^[9]

Notable members

Name	Original group	Faction	Later career	Ref
Behzad Nabavi	Ommat-e-Vahedeh	Left	Politics	^[6]^[10]
Mohammad Salamati	Ommat-e-Vahedeh	Left	Politics	^[6]^[10]
Sadegh Norouzi	Ommat-e-Vahedeh	Left	Politics	^[6]
Mohsen Makhmalbaf	Ommat-e-Vahedeh	Left	Cinema	^[6]
Abdulali Ali-Asgari		Right	Media	^[10]
Ahmad Tavakoli		Right	Politics	^[11]
Alireza Afshar		Right	Military → Politics	^[12]
Abbas Duzduzani		Left	Military → Politics
Hashem Aghajari		Left	Academia	^[12]
Feyzollah Arabsorkhi	Ommat-e-Vahedeh	Left	Politics	^[6]
Abdollah Nasseri		Left	Media	^[12]
Hossein Fadaei	Towhidiye-Badr	Right	Military → Politics	^[6]^[10]
Safar Naeimi^[a]	Towhidiye-Badr	Right	Military → Politics	^[6]
Mohammad Boroujerdi	Towhidiye-Saff		Military	^[6]
Mojtaba Shakeri	Towhidiye-Saff	Right	Military → Politics	^[6]
Mohsen Armin	Towhidiye-Saff	Left	Politics	^[6]^[10]
Morteza Alviri	Fallah	Left	Politics	^[6]
Mostafa Tajzadeh	Falaq	Left	Politics	^[6]^[12]
Mohsen Rezaei	Mansouroun	Right	Military → Politics	^[6]^[12]
Ali Shamkhani	Mansouroun	Left	Military	^[6]
Hossein Nejat	Mansouroun	Right	Military	^[6]
Esmaeil Daghayeghi	Mansouroun		Military	^[6]
Mohammad Bagher Zolghadr	Mansouroun	Right	Military → Politics	^[6]^[10]
Gholam Ali Rashid	Mansouroun	Right	Military	^[6]
Hosein Alamolhoda	Movahedin		Military	^[6]

Endnotes

^ Not to be confused with Safar Naeimi-Raz

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Afshon Ostovar (2016). Vanguard of the Imam: Religion, Politics, and Iran's Revolutionary Guards. Oxford University Press. pp. 50–54. ISBN 978-0190491703.
^ Forozan, Hesam (2015), The Military in Post-Revolutionary Iran: The Evolution and Roles of the Revolutionary Guards, Durham Modern Middle East and Islamic World Series, vol. 38, Routledge, p. 107
^ Moslem, Mehdi (2002). Factional politics in post-Khomeini Iran. Syracuse University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-8156-2978-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Organization of the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran" (PDF). Iran Data Portal. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
^ Pesaran, Evaleila (2011), Iran's Struggle for Economic Independence: Reform and Counter-Reform in the Post-Revolutionary Era, Taylor & Francis, p. 94, ISBN 978-1136735578
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v Alfoneh, Ali (2013), Iran Unveiled: How the Revolutionary Guards Is Transforming Iran from Theocracy into Military Dictatorship, AEI Press, pp. 8–10
^ Hiro, Dilip (2013). Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. p. 241. ISBN 978-1135043810.
^ Baktiari, Bahman (1996). Parliamentary Politics in Revolutionary Iran: The Institutionalization of Factional Politics. University Press of Florida. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-8130-1461-6.
^ "Association of the Devotees of the Islamic Revolution" (PDF). Iran Data Portal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Mohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012). "MIRO, a Historical Background". Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis). Durham University. p. 168.
^ "Nepotism & the Larijani Dynasty". Tehran Bureau. PBS. 20 August 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Muhammad Sahimi (12 May 2009). "The Political Groups". Tehran Bureau. PBS. Retrieved 21 August 2015.

[13] Not to be confused with Safar Naeimi-Raz

[V-1] Afshon Ostovar (2016). Vanguard of the Imam: Religion, Politics, and Iran's Revolutionary Guards. Oxford University Press. pp. 50–54. ISBN 978-0190491703.

[2] Forozan, Hesam (2015), The Military in Post-Revolutionary Iran: The Evolution and Roles of the Revolutionary Guards, Durham Modern Middle East and Islamic World Series, vol. 38, Routledge, p. 107

[3] Moslem, Mehdi (2002). Factional politics in post-Khomeini Iran. Syracuse University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-8156-2978-8.

[IDP-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Organization of the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran" (PDF). Iran Data Portal. Retrieved 10 May 2016.

[5] Pesaran, Evaleila (2011), Iran's Struggle for Economic Independence: Reform and Counter-Reform in the Post-Revolutionary Era, Taylor & Francis, p. 94, ISBN 978-1136735578

[AA-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v Alfoneh, Ali (2013), Iran Unveiled: How the Revolutionary Guards Is Transforming Iran from Theocracy into Military Dictatorship, AEI Press, pp. 8–10

[7] Hiro, Dilip (2013). Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. p. 241. ISBN 978-1135043810.

[8] Baktiari, Bahman (1996). Parliamentary Politics in Revolutionary Iran: The Institutionalization of Factional Politics. University Press of Florida. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-8130-1461-6.

[9] "Association of the Devotees of the Islamic Revolution" (PDF). Iran Data Portal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2016.

[DU-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Mohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012). "MIRO, a Historical Background". Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis). Durham University. p. 168.

[11] "Nepotism & the Larijani Dynasty". Tehran Bureau. PBS. 20 August 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2015.

[PBS-12] Muhammad Sahimi (12 May 2009). "The Political Groups". Tehran Bureau. PBS. Retrieved 21 August 2015.

[4]

[6]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[5]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[a]

Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی
The group's emblem includes an Arabic negative article La (لا; standing for La ilaha illa-llah) out of which grows a clenched fist holding rifle, and a globe symbolizing its commitment to Internationalism^[1]
Paramilitary wing commander	Mohammad Boroujerdi^[2]
Supreme Leader representative	Hossein Rasti-Kashani^[3]
Founded	April 1979
Dissolved	October 1986
Succeeded by	Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization (left faction) Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution (right faction)
Headquarters	Tehran, Iran
Membership (1979)	<1,000^[4]
Ideology	Islamism Khomeinism^[1] Anti-communism^[1] Statism^[5]
Political position	Left-wing^[4] to right-wing^[4]
Religion	Islam
National affiliation	Islamic Coalition (1979) Grand Coalition (1980)
Politics of Iran Political parties Elections