ei
Page categories
Catalan
editPronunciation
editInterjection
editei
- hey (exclamation to get attention)
Further reading
edit- “ei” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “ei”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Classical Nahuatl
editNumeral
editei
Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch ei, from Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editei n (plural eieren, diminutive eitje n)
- egg
- Ik heb een ei gebakken voor het ontbijt. ― I fried an egg for breakfast.
- Pasen is een feest waarbij veel eieren worden geschilderd. ― Easter is a festival where many eggs are painted.
- In deze doos zitten twaalf eieren. ― In this box, there are twelve eggs.
Derived terms
edit- de kip met de gouden eieren slachten
- een appel en een ei
- eendenei
- ei van Columbus
- eicel
- eidooier
- eierbal
- eierdop
- eieren voor zijn geld kiezen
- eierkoek
- eierkool
- eierlanding
- eierlopen
- eiermuts
- eiersalade
- eierstok
- eigeel
- eikapsel
- eileg
- eisprong
- eivorm
- eivormig
- eiwit
- het hele eiereneten
- kievitsei
- kippenei
- koek en ei
- op eieren lopen
- paasei
- struisvogelei
- van die boer geen eieren
- voor een appel en een ei
Descendants
editAnagrams
editEstonian
editEtymology
editFrom the Proto-Finno-Ugric negative verb stem *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a-. Cognates include Finnish ei and Northern Sami ii.
Interjection
editei
Antonyms
editVerb
editei
- (auxiliary verb) don't, doesn't, not: used in negative forms of non-imperative verbs. Ma ei tea. I don't know. (Compare: Ma tean. I know.)
Usage notes
editThe verb follows the word ei.
In the present tense indicative, the form of the verb coincides with the imperative of the second person singular. In past tenses indicative, the form of the verb is personal past participle. In the conditional mood, the form of the verb coincides with third person singular conditional in the present tense or the past tense. In the indirect mood, the form of the verb is the indirect form.
Derived terms
editFala
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese ei, from Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editei m sg or f sg
- First person singular nominative pronoun; I
See also
editnominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | ei | me, -mi | mi | ||
plural | common | nos | musL nusLV nos, -nusM |
nos | ||
masculine | noshotrusM | noshotrusM | ||||
feminine | noshotrasM | noshotrasM | ||||
second person | singular | tú | te, -ti | ti | ||
plural | common | vos | vusLV vos, -vusM |
vos | ||
masculine | voshotrusM | voshotrusM | ||||
feminine | voshotrasM | voshotrasM | ||||
third person | singular | masculine | el | le, -li | uLV, oM | el |
feminine | ela | a | ela | |||
plural | masculine | elis | usLV, osM | elis | ||
feminine | elas | as | elas | |||
reflexive | — | se, -si | sí |
References
editFaroese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAdverb
editei
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editFinnish
editEtymology
editThe indicative forms are from Proto-Finnic *e-, from Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). The imperative forms are from Proto-Finnic *älä-, from the Proto-Finno-Ugric negative imperative verb stem *älä-.
Noteworthy forms include eivät (pro earlier evät, reformed after ei). For more forms, see the Proto-Finnic and Proto-Uralic pages.
Cognates for the indicative forms include Estonian ei, Karelian ei, Livonian ä’b, Veps ei, Northern Sami ii, Skolt Sami ij, Erzya а- (a-), э- (e-), и- (i-), Eastern Mari ы- (y-), Udmurt уг (ug), Komi-Zyrian оз (oz), Northern Mansi [script needed] (ä-), Forest Enets [script needed] (i-) and Northern Selkup [script needed] (aša) (Taz). Cognates for the imperative forms include Estonian ära, Northern Sami ale, Kildin Sami ель (jel’), Erzya иля (iľa).
Not related to Swedish ej, Icelandic ei, Old Norse eigi, despite the similarity; the Finnic and Norse terms are false cognates.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editei (third-person singular indicative)
- (auxiliary) The negative verb or negation verb; not, be not, do not, etc. [with connegative]
- En ole käynyt siellä. ― I have not been there.
- Hän ei ole kotona. ― She isn't home.
- Etkö tiedä? ― Don't you know?
- Älä koske siihen! ― Don't touch that!
Usage notes
edit- With certain conjunctions, contractions may be used (e.g. miksi + ei → miksei). In some cases, like ellei and jollei, the independent conjunction has fallen out of use, but the contractions still remain in use. For other cases, the contractions are optional, but commonly used. When the contraction is used, the negative verb may effectively shift ahead in the clause:
- En tiedä, miksi hän ei tullut. → En tiedä, miksei hän tullut.
- I don't know why he didn't come.
- The negation verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb.
- In the active voice, the verb ei is inflected in person and mood (only for imperative, otherwise the indicative forms are used).
- In the indicative mood and present tense (including for olla in the perfect tense), the connegative form is identical to the second-person singular imperative.
- In the indicative mood and past tense (including for olla in the pluperfect tense and the main verb in the perfect and pluperfect tenses), the connegative form is the past active participle (-nut / -nyt).
- In the conditional and potential moods, the connegative ends with the mood markers -isi- and -ne- (without the personal ending), respectively.
- In the imperative mood, the connegative form is the same as the positive form for the second-person singular, while for the other forms a form ending in -ko / -kö is used.
- In the passive voice, the third-person singular ei (or älköön for the imperative mood) is used.
- In the present tense, the connegative form is the impersonal or passive form without the final -an / -än (indicative), -in (conditional), -en (potential) and -on / -ön (imperative).
- In the past tense (including the perfect and pluperfect tenses), the connegative form is the past passive participle (-ttu / -tty).
- The total object in the negative is always in the partitive case, not the accusative case (whether that be the nominative, genitive or a special form):
- Näen koiran. → En näe koiraa. ― I see a dog. → I don't see a dog. (accusative → partitive)
- Näen naiset. → En näe naisia. ― I see the women. → I don't see the women. (accusative → partitive)
- Näen sinut. → En näe sinua. ― I (can) see you. → I don't see you. (accusative → partitive)
- Indicative:
- Hän näkee. → Hän ei näe.
- He sees. / He does see. → He doesn't see.
- Hän näki. → Hän ei nähnyt.
- He saw. / He did see. → He didn't see.
- Hän on nähnyt. → Hän ei ole nähnyt.
- He has seen. → He hasn't seen.
- Hän oli nähnyt. → Hän ei ollut nähnyt.
- He had seen. → He hadn't seen.
- Conditional:
- Hän näkisi. → Hän ei näkisi.
- He would see. → He wouldn't see.
- Hän olisi nähnyt. → Hän ei olisi nähnyt.
- He would have seen. → He wouldn't have seen.
- Imperative:
- Näe! → Älä näe!
- See! → Don't see!
- Potential:
- Hän nähnee. → Hän ei nähne.
- He probably sees. → He probably doesn't see.
- Hän lienee nähnyt. → Hän ei liene nähnyt.
- He probably has seen. → He probably hasn't seen.
- Indicative:
- Hänet nähdään. → Häntä ei nähdä.
- He is seen. → He isn't seen.
- Hänet nähtiin. → Häntä ei nähty.
- He was seen. → He wasn't seen.
- Hänet on nähty. → Häntä ei ole nähty.
- He has been seen. → He hasn't been seen.
- Hänet oli nähty. → Häntä ei ollut nähty.
- He had been seen. → He hadn't been seen.
- Conditional:
- Hänet nähtäisiin. → Häntä ei nähtäisi.
- He would be seen. → He wouldn't be seen.
- Hänet olisi nähty. → Häntä ei olisi nähty.
- He would have been seen. → He wouldn't have been seen.
- Imperative (the second form, perfect imperative, is rare):
- Nähtäköön! → Älköön nähtäkö!
- Let (it) be seen! → Don't let (it) be seen!
- Oltakoon nähty! → Älköön oltako nähty.
- Let (it) have been seen! → Don't let (it) have been seen!
- Potential:
- Hänet nähtäneen. → Häntä ei nähtäne.
- He probably is seen. → He probably isn't seen.
- Hänet lienee nähty. → Häntä ei liene nähty.
- He probably has been seen. → He probably hasn't been seen.
Conjugation
edit- The negation verb has no infinitive form.
- Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person (the moods are distinguished by the connegative form used).
- In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-. As with all verbs, the first-person plural imperative is formal or dated, while the third-person imperative (both singular and plural) is dated.
- An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.
Inflection of ei | |||
---|---|---|---|
person | indicative mood | imperative mood | optative mood |
1st sing. | en | — | — |
2nd sing. | et | älä | (ällös) |
3rd sing. | ei | älköön | (älköön) |
1st plur. | emme | älkäämme | (älköömme) |
2nd plur. | ette | älkää | (älköötte) |
3rd plur. | eivät | älkööt | (älkööt) |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editInterjection
editei
- no (used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition)
- Onko hauki lintu? Ei, se on kala.
- Is a pike a bird? No, it is a fish.
Usage notes
editUsually inflected for person; see above.
Antonyms
edit- (echo answer; using the verb in the positive)
- kyllä
- (colloquial) joo, juu
Further reading
edit- “ei”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Galician
editPronunciation
editInterjection
editei
References
edit- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ei”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ei”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ei”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
German
editEtymology
editFor the “caressing” sense compare Dutch aaien.
Pronunciation
editInterjection
editei
- whoa, hey (expression of surprise)
- (childish, parentese, often reduplicated as ei ei) said when patting or caressing a person or animal
Derived terms
edit- ei machen, ei ei machen (“to pat, caress”)
Gothic
editRomanization
editei
- Romanization of 𐌴𐌹
Icelandic
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse ei. A clipping of eigi, from Proto-Germanic *ni aiw-gin (“never”), from *ne, *ni (“not”) + *aiw (“always, for ever”) + *-gin. Not related to Finnish ei (“no”).
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editei
- (archaic, poetic) not
- Örvæntið ei!
- Despair not!
- Ég veit ei hvað skal segja.
- I know not what to say.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editEtymology 2
editSee e.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editei
References
edit- “ei” and “eigi” in: Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
Ingrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *e-, from the Proto-Uralic *e-. Cognates include Finnish ei and Estonian ei.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈei̯/, [ˈe̞i̯]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈei̯/, [ˈe̞i̯]
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈei̯/, [ˈe̞i̯]
- Rhymes: -ei̯
- Hyphenation: ei
Particle
editei
Antonyms
editVerb
editei
- not
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 63:
- Linnuil ono nälkä, evät rooka saa.
- The birds are hungry, they don't get food.
Usage notes
edit- ei is a defective verb: It is only inflected for person, and has a distinct imperative series.
- In the indicative, conditional, imperative and potential used with a connegative form of the main verb:
- In the present indicative the connegative is formally identical to the imperative singular:
- hää ei taho ― she doesn't want
- höö evät taho ― they don't want
- In the imperfect indicative, the connegative is formally identical to the past active participle (placed in the nominative singular in the singular, nominative plural in the plural):
- hää ei tahtont ― she didn't want
- höö evät tahtoneet ― they didn't want
- In the conditional the connegative is formally identical to the third-person singular conditional form:
- hää ei tahtois ― she wouldn't want
- höö evät tahtois ― they wouldn't want
- In the imperative, the connegative is formed by replacing the imperative endings of the verb by the element -ko:
- hää elköö tahtoko! ― may she not want!
- höö elkööt tahtoko! ― may they not want!
- The second-person singular of the imperative takes a distinct connegative, which is formally identical to the present indicative connegative:
- elä taho! ― do not want!
- In the potential, the connegative is formed by replacing the connegative endings of the verb by the element -ne:
- hää ei tahtone ― she probably won't want
- höö evät tahtone ― they probably won't want
- In the present indicative the connegative is formally identical to the imperative singular:
- For the impersonal forms, the third-person singular (ei / elköö) is used together with an impersonal connegative:
- ei tahota ― it isn't wanted
- ei tahottu ― it wasn't wanted
- ei tahottais ― it woudn't be wanted
- elköö tahottako ― may it not be wanted
- ei tahottane ― it probably won't be wanted
- When used to negate an infinitive, adverb, noun, etc., the negative verb agrees with the subject of the sentence:
- hää herviijaa ei ehtiä ― he is afraid to not make it in time
- höö herviijaat evät ehtiä ― they are afraid to not make it in time
Conjugation
editInflection of ei | |||
---|---|---|---|
indicative | imperative | ||
1st singular | en | - | |
2nd singular | et | elä | |
3rd singular | ei | elköö | |
1st plural | emmä | - | |
2nd plural | että | elkää | |
3rd plural | evät | elkööt | |
impersonal | ei | elköö | |
*) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-kä?) or -kse to the indicative. |
References
edit- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 128
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 29
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 24
- Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[4], →ISBN, page 15
Italian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editSyncopated form of elli (“he”), from Vulgar Latin *illi, from Latin ille (“that”).
Pronoun
editei m
Etymology 2
editSyncopated form of elli (“they”), from Latin illī (“those”).
Pronoun
editei m pl
Japanese
editRomanization
editei
Karelian
editVerb
editei
- (does) not
Kott
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Yeniseian *ʔej- ("pine"). Compare Arin aja (“pine”).
Noun
editei (plural en)
- pine tree
Etymology 2
editFrom Proto-Yeniseian *ʔej ("tongue"). Compare Pumpokol aj (“tongue”).
Noun
editei (plural ējaŋ)
Latin
editPronunciation 1
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ei̯/, [ɛi̯]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ei̯/, [ɛi̯]
Interjection
editei
- Alternative form of hei (“expression of grief or fear”)
Pronunciation 2
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈe.iː/, [ˈeiː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈe.i/, [ˈɛːi]
Pronoun
editeī
Latvian
editInterjection
editei
- used to stimulate somebody's attention
- used to express pleasure, surprise or admiration
Limburgish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch ei, from Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editei n
Livvi
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *ei. Cognates include Finnish ei and Estonian ei.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editei
Conjugation
editInflection of ei | |||
---|---|---|---|
indicative | imperative | ||
1st singular | en | - | |
2nd singular | et | älä | |
3rd singular | ei | älgäh | |
1st plural | emmo | älgiämmö | |
2nd plural | etto | älgiä | |
3rd plural | ei | äldähes |
References
editMalasanga
editNoun
editei
Further reading
edit- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
Mandarin
editRomanization
editei
- Nonstandard spelling of ēi.
- Nonstandard spelling of ěi.
- Nonstandard spelling of èi.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Mbyá Guaraní
editNoun
editei
Middle Dutch
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.
Noun
editei n
Inflection
editThis noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “ei”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “ei”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
editNoun
editei
- Alternative form of ey (“egg”)
Middle High German
editEtymology
editInherited from Old High German ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editei n
Declension
editDescendants
edit- Alemannic German:
- Swabian: Oi
- Bavarian: Oa
- Mòcheno: oi
- Central Franconian: Ei, Ää, Aai
- Luxembourgish: Ee
- German: Ei
- Vilamovian: e
- Yiddish: איי (ey)
References
edit- Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “ei”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
Murui Huitoto
editei | |
---|---|
Root | Classifier |
ei- | — |
Etymology
editCognate with Minica Huitoto ei.
Pronunciation
editRoot
editei
Noun
editei
- Synonym of eiño
- 2008 [1978], Huitoto Murui Bible, 2nd edition, Mateo 1:3, page 5:
- Iaɨmaiaɨ mɨcorɨ eidɨ Tamar mɨcorɨ.
- The mother of the late two of them was the late Tamara.
- vocative of eiño
Declension
editsingular | plural | kinship plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Absolutive | ei | eiyaɨ | eitɨaɨ |
Nominative | eidɨ | eiyaɨdɨ | eitɨaɨdɨ |
Accusative | eina | eiyaɨna | eitɨaɨna |
Dative/Locative | eimo | eiyaɨmo | eitɨaɨmo |
Ablative | eimona | eiyaɨmona | eitɨaɨmona |
Instrumental | eido | eiyaɨdo | eitɨaɨdo |
Causal | eiri | eiyaɨri | eitɨaɨri |
Privative | einino | eiyaɨnino | eitɨaɨnino |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)[6] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 75
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[7], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 125
North Frisian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editAdverb
editei
Norwegian Bokmål
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editArticle
editei
Pronoun
editei
Adverb
editei
Synonyms
edit- (not): ikke
Verb
editei
- imperative of eie
Norwegian Nynorsk
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editArticle
editei f (masculine ein, neuter eit)
- a, an (indefinite article)
- Ei ny bok.
- A new book.
Pronoun
editei
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle Norwegian eigh, from Old Norse eigi.
Adverb
editei
References
editOld Galician-Portuguese
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editUncertain.
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editei
- here is, here are
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 147 (facsimile):
- eimeaca eimaca
- «ei-me aca; ei-m'aca!»
- "Here I am, here I am!"
Descendants
editOld High German
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Akin to Old English ǣġ, Old Norse egg.
Further Indo-European cognates include Latin ōvum and Ancient Greek ᾠόν (ōión)
Noun
editei n
Descendants
editOld Saxon
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.
Noun
editei n
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ei | ei |
accusative | ei | ei |
genitive | eies | eiō |
dative | eie | eium |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants
editPapiamentu
editEtymology
editFrom Portuguese eis.
Pronoun
editei
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit
Etymology 1
editAdverb
editei (not comparable)
Etymology 2
editInterjection
editei
- hey (exclamation to get attention)
Romanian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Latin illī, nominative masculine plural of ille.
Pronoun
editei m pl (third-person plural, feminine equivalent ele)
Declension
editNominative | |||
---|---|---|---|
ei | |||
Accusative | |||
stressed | unstressed | ||
ei | îi | ||
Genitive | |||
one form for all numbers and genders | |||
lor | |||
Dative | |||
stressed | unstressed | ||
lor | le | ||
Reflexive | |||
Accusative | Dative | ||
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed |
sine | se | sieși | își |
Pronoun
editei m (stressed accusative form of ei)
- (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") them (all-male or mixed-sex group)
Related terms
edit- el (third-person masculine singular)
- ea (third-person feminine singular)
- ele (third-person feminine plural)
See also
editEtymology 2
editPronoun
editei f (genitive form of ea, masculine equivalent lui, plural lor)
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | ei | ei | ei | ei | ||
definite | — | — | — | — | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | ei | ei | ei | ei | ||
definite | — | — | — | — |
Pronoun
editei f (stressed dative form of ea, masculine equivalent lui, plural lor)
Sabu
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waiʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.
Noun
editei
- water (clear liquid H₂O)
References
edit- ABVD
- Comparative Austronesian Dictionary
Sardinian
editPronunciation
editAdverb
editei
References
edit- “ei” in Ditzionàriu in línia de sa limba e de sa cultura sarda (2016). Searchable in multiple languages at ditzionariu.sardegnacultura.it
Scots
editNoun
editei (plural een)
- (Southern Scots) an eye.
Pronoun
editei
- (Southern Scots, personal) he (alternative form of hei)
Tedim Chin
editPronoun
editei
References
edit- Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip
Tlingit
editPronunciation
editLetter
editei (upper case Ei)
- (US) A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- Synonym: è
See also
edit- Canada: (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
- US: (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․
Veps
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *e-. Cognates include Finnish ei.
Verb
editei
- not; expresses negation.
Inflection
editInflection of ei | |||
---|---|---|---|
indicative | imperative | ||
1st singular | en | — | |
2nd singular | ed | ala | |
3rd singular | ei | algha | |
1st plural | em | algam | |
2nd plural | et | algat | |
3rd plural | ei | algha |
References
editVotic
editEtymology
editCompare Russian эй (ej), Finnish hei, Ingrian hei.
Pronunciation
editInterjection
editei
References
edit- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “ei”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat, 2nd edition, Tallinn
Welsh
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Welsh y, from Proto-Brythonic *eið, from Proto-Celtic *esyo m and *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
editDeterminer
editei
- his, its (with reference to a masculine noun; triggers soft mutation of following consonant)
- Gwelir y thema dro ar ôl tro yn ei gerddi a’i emynau.
- The theme is seen repeatedly in his poems and his hymns.
- her, its (with reference to a feminine noun; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant and h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Gwelir y thema dro ar ôl tro yn ei cherddi a’i hemynau.
- The theme is seen repeatedly in her poems and her hymns.
Pronoun
editei
- him, it (with reference to masculine nouns; as object of a verbal noun; triggers soft mutation of following consonant)
- 18th century, Wil Hopcyn, “Bugeilio’r gwenith gwyn”:
- Myfi’n bugeilio’r gwenith gwyn,
Ac arall yn ei fedi.- Me watching the white wheat,
And another reaping it.
- Me watching the white wheat,
- 18th century, Wil Hopcyn, “Bugeilio’r gwenith gwyn”:
- her, it (with reference to masculine nouns; as object of a verbal noun; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant and h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Traditional, “Milgi, milgi”:
- Ar ben y bryn mae sgwarnog fach, ar hyd y nos mae'n pori
A’i chefen brith a’i bola bola gwyn yn hidio dim am filgi.- On top of the hill there's a little hare, all night long she grazes
With her speckled back and her white white belly without taking any heed of any greyhound.
- On top of the hill there's a little hare, all night long she grazes
- Traditional, “Milgi, milgi”:
Usage notes
edit- In formal Welsh, masculine ef or feminine hi is added after the noun or verbnoun which ei precedes to indicates emphasis on the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial Welsh, the masculine takes e or o (southern and northern forms respectively) after a consonant and fe or fo (southern and northern) after a vowel, whereas the feminine takes hi, but is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis. Here, it is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where no addition is found.
- In formal Welsh, the contraction 'i is a valid form of ei found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, ei is often contracted to 'i after almost any vowel-final word. The exception is both forms of the language is after the preposition i (“to, for”), after which ei contracts to 'w. (Contraction to 'w after wedi is sometimes encountered but considered non-standard.)
- Pronomial ei and 'i can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial 'i is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for 'i for more information.
- The colloquial pronunciation /iː/, /ɪ/ is the original pronunciation, as shown by the Middle Welsh form y. The more careful pronunciation /ei̯/ is a later spelling pronunciation.
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editVerb
editei
- second-person singular future of mynd (also present tense in the literary language)
Further reading
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ei”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Ye'kwana
editALIV | ei |
---|---|
Brazilian standard | ei |
New Tribes | ei |
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
editVerb
editei
- (intransitive, agentive) to be
Usage notes
editMany forms of this verb are irregular. Some are based on a root ei ~ e', some on a ~ aa, some on a'ja, and some on ööne ~ wene:
- ei ~ e' is used with most tense/aspect/mood markers and all adverbial and nominal derivatives of the verb.
- a ~ aa is used for the nonpast form, question forms, and two third-person forms na'ñojo and naichü.
- a'ja is used for past imperfectives.
- ööne ~ wene is used for the permanent aspect; this is the only verb in the language that has such an aspect.
The verb also takes an irregular suffix -ya in place of the ordinary recent/distant past perfective suffix -i. Similarly, the plural form of the same suffix is -yato rather than -icho.
This verb can be used as an auxiliary to form various constructions, making it possible to express tense/aspect/mood for constructions made with non-finite verb forms by putting the relevant markers on the copula instead.
Etymology 2
editVerb
editei
- (transitive) to seek, to look for
References
edit- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “a'ja, ei, ka, ma, na, öönene, wa, weneene”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[9], Lyon, pages 215–216, 238–239
- Hall, Katherine (2007) “wenēne”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series[10], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021
- Hall, Katherine (2007) “wenɲə”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series[11], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021
Zou
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editei
- we (exclusive)
Synonyms
editReferences
edit- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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